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BackAI發展放緩論戰升溫 台股供應鏈基本面仍具韌性
AI發展放緩論戰升溫 台股供應鏈基本面仍具韌性
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

AI發展放緩論戰升溫 台股供應鏈基本面仍具韌性

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科技巨頭與晶片業者就AI模型發展是否應放慢展開論戰,Anthropic與OpenAI執行長主張安全評估需跟上進度,晶片龍頭則認為安全與速度可並行。雖有反托拉斯訴訟風波,但台股受惠於AI供應鏈需求強勁,出口連續34個月正成長,法人預估CoWoS與ABF載板產能將大幅擴張,基本面支撐抗震力,短期噪音對中長期影響有限。

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Why It Matters

AI快速發展引發安全與倫理討論,科技巨頭如Anthropic主張在安全評估跟上前應放慢模型進步,OpenAI執行長亦認同此觀點。晶片業者則強調安全與速度非零和關係,安全無虞者無需放慢腳步。同時,美國有原告提起反托拉斯訴訟,指控業者協調減速。

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■歐陽渭棠

AI巨頭針對人工智慧發展是否放緩在9月有不小的討論,市場擔心此論戰將會增加市場情緒波動,但對於占盡AI投資利多、今年以來漲幅已逾6成的台股市場中長期的基本面影響應有限,甚至有望進一步推升模型評估、監控及推論端的算力需求。

債券梯投组思维:分散配置不同年份到期的債券

AI發展該不該放慢?科技巨頭與晶片龍頭安全論戰升溫

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Anthropic執行長日前主張在安全評估跟上前,應放慢前沿模型的進步速度,OpenAI執行長隨後也認同「放慢不是停止」;不過也有AI晶片龍頭業者指出安全與速度並非二選一的選擇題,安全性尚未達標的產品應暫緩推出,安全性無虞者則無需放慢腳步,並預告明年AI晶片銷量翻倍,兩派倡議讓AI發展是否該放慢的論戰在市場發酵,成為近期牽動市場情緒的噪音。

而AI發展放緩的爭議標的是模型訓練速度,不是算力總量,且安全性評估、攻擊演練(Red Teaming)與模型監控本身就需要算力,資安不是算力的替代品,是新用途,對於AI供應鏈的影響預計不會太大;此外,最積極倡議放慢腳步的Anthropic已連續兩季獲利,第3季毛利率甚至逾8成,算力規劃仍持續放大,這顯示業者主張調整的是模型發布與安全驗證節奏,而非縮減算力投資。

除了產業面外,9月中旬美國亦有原告提起訴訟,指控四家主要業者私下約定減速、涉及聯合壟斷AI發展,業者間若以協調方式共同放慢模型開發,也可能面臨反托拉斯法(Antitrust Law)爭議。即使未來安全審查上路,規則變嚴峻的將是模型發布門檻,而不是資料中心的採購量。

AI浪潮帶動出口與投資 台股供應鏈續強

儘管AI發展放緩的噪音可能在短期造成市場波動,但在這波AI發展浪潮下,對於扮演「賣鏟子」要角的台廠供應鏈影響應不至於太大。受惠AI的快速發展,台股今年來上漲約6成,居全球主要股市前段班,央行上修2026年經濟成長率,加上出口連續34個月正成長,顯示外需與民間投資動能仍強,其中AI相關需求是推升台灣出口、資本支出及企業獲利的重要力量。更值得注意的是供應鏈內部的變化,法人預估2027年CoWoS產能規劃年增約7成,而國內ABF載板業者的擴產幅度約3至4成。

台股告別「本夢比」 基本面支撐抗震力

這一年推升台股的不是「本夢比」,而是實際的訂單與出貨,法人對台灣企業獲利的預估仍在往上調,上調幅度也是新興亞洲最大。在指數維持季線之上、企業獲利預估未下修的前提下,可將回檔視為分批布局機會;若大型雲端業者下修資本支出、外資轉為連續賣超、指數跌破季線型態確立,或AI供應鏈營收年增率連兩月明顯放緩,則是重新檢視持股水位的時機。

在美國貨幣政策收緊、而台灣利率維持不變的情況下,台廠的本地融資成本未因政策利率進一步墊高,獲利則持續受惠於全球AI投資成長,形成相對有利於台股基本面的政策組合,短期噪音預計對台股中長期表現難有顛覆性影響。

(作者為凱基投信投資長)

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 明年AI晶片銷量將翻倍

    Likely · Within months

  • 2027年CoWoS產能規劃年增約7成

    Likely · Within years

  • 國內ABF載板業者擴產幅度約3至4成

    Likely · Within years

Open Questions

  • 反托拉斯訴訟最終結果將如何影響AI產業競爭格局?
  • 台廠在AI供應鏈中的具體訂單成長幅度是多少?
  • 若美國監管趨嚴,對台產業的正負面影響將如何平衡?

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