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Back銀行也怕AI投資踩雷?ING急售5億美元資料中心貸款 連星際之門都入列
銀行也怕AI投資踩雷?ING急售5億美元資料中心貸款 連星際之門都入列
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

銀行也怕AI投資踩雷?ING急售5億美元資料中心貸款 連星際之門都入列

银行业加速转移AI基础设施信用风险,投资者须在11月19日前竞标

Quick Look

荷兰国际集团(ING)拟出售包含12笔数据中心贷款、总值约5亿美元的贷款组合,其中包含与OpenAI、软银及甲骨文共同参与的新墨西哥州“星际之门”计划相关的2500万美元贷款部位。投资者须在11月19日前竞标,每笔出价至少1000万美元。此举凸显银行业正将数据中心贷款转售给私人信贷公司、资产管理公司及保险业者,以分散AI基础设施投资带来的信用风险。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

随着人工智能基础设施融资规模持续扩大,银行业开始加速转移相关信用风险。摩根大通及摩根士丹利等放款机构今年较早时据报已研究多种降低相关放款风险的方式,包括通过私人交易将部分债务转售给非银行放款机构,以及采用“重大风险移转”(SRT)机制,将银行部分信用风险转移给投资人,藉此释出资产负债表空间,让银行能够承办更多贷款。

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随着人工智能(AI)基础建设融资规模持续扩大,银行业开始加速转移相关信用风险。

〔财经频道/综合报导〕随着人工智能(AI)基础建设融资规模持续扩大,银行业开始加速转移相关信用风险。荷兰国际集团(ING)据报正寻找买家,准备出售一笔由12笔资料中心贷款组成、总值约5亿美元(约新台币○亿元)的贷款组合,其中还包括与OpenAI、软银(SoftBank)及甲骨文(Oracle)共同参与的新墨西哥州“星际之门”(Stargate)计划相关的2500万美元贷款部位。

根据《彭博》周五(6日)引述知情人士消息,除了“星际之门”外,这笔待售贷款组合还包括涉及Vantage Data Centers及CyrusOne的部分贷款资产。ING将透过“征求竞价”(BWIC)程序进行拍卖,投资人须在11月19日前提出竞标,每笔出价至少1000万美元。ING发言人则拒绝评论此事。

这笔交易凸显银行业正逐渐将资料中心贷款转售给私人信贷公司、资产管理公司及保险业者,以分散AI基础建设投资带来的信用风险。

三井住友银行(SMBC)全球市场策略师卡伦蒂(Hank Calenti)指出,投资银行通常采取“放款后分配”模式,先提供贷款,再将相关债权转售给其他投资人。买家可能包括私人信贷投资人、资产管理公司及保险公司,主要是看好这类资产预期能带来较高报酬。

不过,随着AI基础建设扩张带动债务规模快速攀升,加上投资人开始担心实际报酬可能不如预期,相关融资风险也逐渐浮上台面。

美国中期选举中民主党大胜,进一步加深市场疑虑。民主党可能推动部分州暂停兴建资料中心,或对资料中心建设祭出更严格限制。市场担心工程进度放缓,已引发AI概念股周四(5日)大幅下挫,科技股占比较高的那斯达克综合指数当天收跌5.5%,创下2025年4月以来最大单日跌幅,并进入修正区间。

安本投资(Aberdeen Investments)亚太区股票主管艾姆通通(Pruksa Iamthongthong)表示,民主党取得更多政治影响力,让市场更加担心资料中心开发将面临更严格审查,而投资人原本就已对大规模AI资本支出的融资方式及投资回报提出质疑。她认为,市场短期波动可能持续,投资人将持续评估美国资料中心建设延宕及运算能力受限的风险。

卡伦蒂则指出,银行是否因担心资料中心建设遭暂停而进一步出售贷款,将取决于出售时必须接受的折价,以及退出相关曝露、释出资金以便继续放款所带来的效益。此外,银行也必须考量向董事会说明相关曝露的成本。他认为,这可能只是银行的日常业务,也可能代表融资业者希望趁在市场环境恶化前退出。

事实上,华尔街银行早已开始寻找降低资料中心贷款曝露的方法。今年较早,摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)及摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)等放款机构,据报已研究多种降低相关放款风险的方式。

《金融时报》5月3日报导指出,相关做法包括透过私人交易,将部分债务转售给非银行放款机构,以及采用“重大风险移转”(SRT)机制,将银行部分信用风险转移给投资人,藉此释出资产负债表空间,让银行能够承办更多贷款。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • ING将在11月19日前完成贷款组合的竞标及出售

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 其他银行可能跟进出售数据中心贷款以降低风险敞口

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • ING最终出售贷款组合的价格及折价幅度是多少?
  • 哪些投资者最终竞得这笔贷款组合?
  • 民主党在中期选举大胜后,具体会在哪些州推动暂停数据中心建设?
  • 其他银行是否会跟进ING的做法,出售更多数据中心贷款?

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