
一份發表於《自然》期刊的研究指出,若改變肥胖症診斷標準,將體脂肪及器官健康狀況納入考量,目前被認定為肥胖者中僅約4分之1到3分之1應視為健康不佳。
一份11日發表的跨國研究顯示,若將體脂肪及器官健康納入肥胖症診斷,而非僅依賴BMI,目前被認定為肥胖者中僅約27%屬於需要較迫切治療的臨床肥胖,這項新架構旨在提供具臨床意義的肥胖特徵描述。
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世界衛生組織估計全球超過10億人受肥胖影響,肥胖為多種疾病風險因子。
醫學專家和組織提倡將體脂肪、器官健康狀況也納入肥胖症診斷標準。
一份11日發表的跨國研究指出,若不再只以身體質量指數(BMI)判斷,而是也將體脂肪及器官健康狀況納入肥胖症診斷依據,目前被認定為肥胖症患者中,可能只有約4分之1到3分之1的人應該被視為健康不佳。
路透11日報導,這份研究依照去年醫學專家和組織提出的建議,將身體脂肪和器官健康狀況納入肥胖症診斷,分析中國、英國、美國及西班牙將近85萬名成人資料後評估認為,原本只根據BMI被診斷為肥胖症者,會有1%到3%不符合新的診斷標準;另有5%到9%的人卻因體脂肪偏高等原因,會被診斷為肥胖症。若擴大到整體人口,影響人數可能達數千萬。
世界衛生組織(WHO)估計目前全球超過10億人受肥胖影響;肥胖可能是第二型糖尿病 、心血管和肝腎疾病以及癌症的一個風險因子。
新肥胖診斷架構建議,除了BMI,也測量腰圍等體脂肪指標,並考慮是否有與體重關聯的心臟、肝臟等器官功能異常。這意味著,光是高BMI,可能不再被認定為肥胖症;高BMI以及高體脂肪者會被診斷為「臨床前肥胖」(pre-clinical obesity),同時又有器官功能異常,將會被診斷為「臨床肥胖」(clinical obesity),此情況被視為已經形成疾病,通常需要較迫切的治療。
這份研究試圖呈現新定義在肥胖症診斷、盛行率以及治療上代表的意義。根據這些新標準,這四國肥胖者中,平均約27%屬於臨床肥胖,約占這些國家所有成人8.5%;至於臨床前肥胖者,平均約82%未進展為臨床肥胖,但是中國與西班牙進展比例較高。
11日在《自然》(Nature)期刊發表這項研究的倫敦國王學院代謝與減重手術學教授魯比諾(Francesco Rubino)說,BMI測量不夠準確已廣為人知,「但是我們至今仍沒有更好的一套系統」,新架構的目的即在提供「具臨床意義的肥胖特徵描述」,能夠做為醫療照護及政策依據。

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