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Back台大研究:特定條紋圖案可干擾昆蟲視覺,有效防治蟲害
台大研究:特定條紋圖案可干擾昆蟲視覺,有效防治蟲害
Science
自由时报6 hours agoScience2 min readChina

台大研究:特定條紋圖案可干擾昆蟲視覺,有效防治蟲害

台大昆蟲系楊恩誠團隊發現,特定寬度條紋能干擾昆蟲複眼視覺,未來將應用於農業與畜牧業物理防治。

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台大昆蟲系楊恩誠團隊研究發現,寬度介於0.23至0.95公分的條紋能干擾昆蟲複眼視覺,阻礙其降落。此物理防治技術已應用於芭樂防蟲,未來將推廣至畜牧與戶外防護,以減少農藥使用。

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Why It Matters

日本研究發現黑白斑馬紋可減少牛隻受蠅蟲叮咬。台大團隊進一步解析其視覺干擾機制。

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日本農業和食品研究機構發現若將黑毛和牛塗上黑白斑馬紋,可有效減少蠅蟲叮咬,台大昆蟲系特聘教授楊恩誠團隊進一步找出紋路為何可減少昆蟲叮咬的原因,發現特定寬度條紋或紋路可干擾昆蟲降落,進而減少滋擾,未來將會把相關技術應用於農產品或畜產品物理防治蟲害。

農業界中不管農作物或經濟動物都花費許多心力防治病蟲害,楊恩誠和其指導的博士生謝祥文進一步想要了解為何斑馬條紋可讓昆蟲不易降落的原因,團隊透過蜜蜂實驗,結果發現,並非條紋愈細或愈粗,干擾蜜蜂降落的效果就愈強,而是條紋的粗度介在0.23到0.95公分之間的干擾效果最好,楊恩誠表示,這可能是因為昆蟲的複眼是由許多小眼組成,對外界的影像取樣具有一定極限,這些特定粗度條紋的圖案造成空間混疊,干擾準備降落的蜜蜂用來判斷飛行和降落的視覺訊息。

至於為何選擇蜜蜂作為實驗動物,楊恩誠說明,蜜蜂具有定花性,也就是蜜蜂找到穩定的食物來源之後,就會反覆回到同樣目標找尋食物,很適合拿來做這類行為實驗,團隊先將蜜蜂訓練好後,再改變目標的條紋寬度和方向,並進一步觀察這些蜜蜂飛行與準備降落的反應,另一方面昆蟲飛行與降落的著陸機制都差不多,透過蜜蜂做的實驗也可應用在其他昆蟲上。

楊恩誠指出,團隊已將相關機制展開半田間試驗,包含將不同的圖案用在芭樂等水果作物栽培,降低東方果實蠅降落、產卵,進而減少東方果實蠅蟲害,相關方法未來也可用在經濟動物的畜牧養殖場來防治吸血蒼蠅,或者在食品工廠、餐飲業者、家庭廚餘部分減少果蠅或蚤蠅,用特定圖案的物理防治方式減少蟲害,進一步減少農藥與殺蟲劑等環境用藥。

楊恩誠表示,這些圖案並不一定必須是黑白斑馬紋,只要針對要防治的昆蟲複眼的視覺解像力機制設計即可,除可應用在農業與食品工廠外,未來相關圖案也可設計用來製作戶外運動服裝,防止台灣常出現的虎頭蜂叮咬。

楊恩誠表示,該研究發現已申請台灣專利,論文已發表在國際頂尖期刊《比較生理學A輯》(Journal of Comparative Physiology A)。

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  • 將技術應用於戶外運動服裝以防虎頭蜂叮咬

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  • 該技術在不同光照條件下的穩定性如何?
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