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Back“消费审批”类小程序走红 隐私与内容治理考验平台能走多远
“消费审批”类小程序走红 隐私与内容治理考验平台能走多远
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中国新闻网2 hours agoTech7 min readChinaView translation

“消费审批”类小程序走红 隐私与内容治理考验平台能走多远

这类小程序通过陌生人投票决定用户是否购买,折射出理性消费期待,但面临个人信息保护和社区内容治理挑战

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“消费审批”类小程序通过陌生网友投票决定用户购买行为,近期悄然流行。专家认为,这类小程序折射出部分消费者对理性消费的期待,但作为采集财务数据、开放公共讨论空间的产品,在个人信息保护、社区内容治理和长效运营上仍面临考验,需要规范化建设。

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Why It Matters

随着移动支付和电子商务的发展,购物付款变得更加便捷。近期出现的一类“消费审批”小程序,通过让用户匿名提交消费申请,由陌生网友投票“审批”来决定是否购买,旨在拉长消费决策时间,帮助用户理性消费。

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“消费审批”类小程序走红 专家认为

隐私与内容治理考验平台能走多远

科技的飞速发展让购物付款变得轻松便捷,《法治日报》记者观察发现,如今,市面上出现一类小程序却“反其道而行之”,正在主动拉长人们从选择商品到下单付款的决策时间。

近段时间,“真的想要买吗”“钱包请等等”等一批“消费审批”类小程序悄然流行:用户匿名提交消费申请至平台,便有陌生网友投票“审批”,以票数决定“通过”还是“驳回”。据公开报道,其中一款小程序上线9小时用户即破万。

对此,受访专家认为,这类“消费审批”小程序的走红,折射出部分消费者对理性消费的期待,但作为采集财务数据、开放公共讨论空间的产品,这类小程序在个人信息保护、社区内容治理和长效运营上,同样先要“过审”。

下单前先“报批”

10月29日晚,记者打开了名为“真的想要买吗”的小程序。最吸引眼球的是首页的“数据看板”上的几项统计项目:节省消费、申请总数、审批中、已通过、未通过。其中“节省消费”一项,是指被驳回消费申请对应的金额总数。

“数据看板”下方是“发起申请”的按钮。点击后,在普通审批里,要填写商品名称、价格和购买理由,小程序的开发者还设置了“我为什么想买”的必填项,提示语写着“说说它会怎样改善你的生活”,商品图则最多可上传3张。

填写完商品信息,是“谁来审批”:可以手动邀请指定好友,也可以由素不相识的“热心市民”来审批。还可以把申请发布到“社区广场”,交给素不相识的人来投票;用户可设定目标审批人数,达到人数即出结果,默认“半数以上同意”,还能通过微信接收结果通知。

记者勾选了“热心市民”模式。申请发出后,票数涨得不快,留言却陆续进来:多数在鼓励下单,也有人提醒同类商品往年大促价格更低,劝说可以再等等。等待的间隙,记者又尝试了其他几款类似小程序——“钱包请等等”在价格、理由之外会多问一句“有无平替”;有的小程序还设有主打工时换算的工具,用户通过填写月薪,可以把想购买的商品价格折算成工作时长。有用户留言说,一想到要上一个多月的班才换一部手机,瞬间就不想买了。记者观察发现,不少人在等待投票的过程中让自己冷静下来,撤回了购物申请。

体验过程中,记者也注意到,为了让审批具有参考价值,用户往往要写明商品、价格、自己的经济状况乃至月薪等信息,并将信息公开发布。

“用户最敏感的财务数据,恰恰是这类小程序运转必需的‘原料’。”华北电力大学(北京)新金融法学中心主任、副教授陈燕红对此表示。在她看来,对于这类小程序来说,个人信息保护是重中之重,也是生存的基础。

长期观察消费领域的北京汇仲律师事务所律师陈宏湲指出,这类小程序存在的目的是帮助用户管住“钱袋子”,因此在信息采集方面,要守住最小必要这一原则,可在产品端提供默认脱敏的截图工具,在上传前自动给敏感信息打码,而在信息存储上,则应以加密为基础。

有时容易“跑偏”

“消费审批”有时也容易“跑偏”。

记者在体验中注意到,由于陌生网友对消费无需负责,“审批”有时会滑向娱乐:奶茶一律通过,大额消费则可能引发调侃。结合实践,陈宏湲提醒,帮助理性消费的初衷,可能会被一些人异化,“审批”容易变成一场对他人消费观念的“审判”。

“这类小程序在法律上的本质是网络信息内容服务平台。”陈宏湲表示,《网络信息内容生态治理规定》对它的审核、处置义务表达清晰,开发者不能“只搭台子不管戏”,应明确发言规范,禁止人身攻击;对于明显违规的内容,应在发布之前就予以拦截,同时以举报入口和人工复核兜底,对反复违规的账号进行限制或封禁。她特别提醒,针对异常账号和集中投票行为,平台要有识别和处置的手段,要防止操纵投票、刷票等毁掉“集体理性”的产品根基。

陈燕红认为,其中的治理难点在于让理性讨论成为社区的默认氛围。她建议,把“对消费不对人”写进社区公约,再加上信用积分这类正向设计,让认真分析性价比的用户得到激励。“此外,投票数据可信,才有‘集体理性’可言。”陈燕红进一步指出,不能放任算法把最具争议的审批事项顶到流量最高处,靠放大对立换取活跃度,而是应在趣味和秩序之间把握好分寸感。

应规范化建设

在受访专家看来,这类小程序的生命周期是否经得住考验,要看热度退去之后,能否留下一套能持续运转的规则。

陈宏湲认为,投诉维权是硬指标:入口要放得显眼,客服、在线投诉、电话至少要留一条畅通渠道;处理要有时限、结果要能查询得到;如涉及消费纠纷,应与“12315”、市场监管部门衔接。“要让用户在任何时候都找得到人、问得清事、追得了责。”

她同时提醒,应重视资质、备案、隐私政策、未成年人保护,这些基础工作看似琐碎,却是产品能否长期立足的底线。

在陈燕红看来,新兴产品想要长效运营,既不能“野蛮生长”——数据、内容不设防,也不应有“合规焦虑”——趣味性消失了,用户也会跟着流失,两种极端殊途同归,最终都会让产品失去生命力。

陈燕红建议,可以设立合规负责人或个人信息保护负责人,对数据、内容、消费者权益等进行把关,新功能上线前先通过合规评审,“让制度跟着业务走,而不是追着业务跑”。

中国传媒大学文化产业管理学院法律系主任郑宁指出,开发者要守住合规底线,应当遵守个人信息保护法,采集财务信息,账单、收支仅抓取审批所需字段,自动脱敏隐藏收入明细等敏感内容,设置短留存周期,未经单独同意不得对外共享财务数据。平台则应搭建投诉申诉通道,对违规评论、隐私泄露和个人信息泄露等诉求及时处置,同时做好规则公示与风险提示,区分娱乐社交功能与专业建议。

陈燕红提醒,这类“消费审批”小程序能否从一时流行的“网红”小程序变为被消费者所信任的消费决策辅助工具,主要看它能否扎牢自身的合规根基,开发者应常态化做实使用者的权益保障机制,健全流程管理,将短期热度真正转化为长期的、可信赖的消费参考载体。

记者 韩丹东

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 监管部门可能会对这类采集财务数据的小程序加强个人信息保护合规检查

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 这些小程序的具体用户数量和活跃度是多少?
  • 平台如何具体实施个人信息脱敏和加密存储?
  • 未成年人使用这类小程序是否有专门限制?
  • 投票操纵和刷票行为在实际中发生过多少次?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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