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Back罕见病=不能治?专家:早诊早治大部分神经免疫系统罕见病可控
罕见病=不能治?专家:早诊早治大部分神经免疫系统罕见病可控
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中国新闻网4 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

罕见病=不能治?专家:早诊早治大部分神经免疫系统罕见病可控

专家呼吁关注神经免疫系统罕见病,强调早诊早治可实现良好预后

Quick Look

上海瑞金医院神经内科专家陈晟教授指出,神经免疫系统罕见病并非绝症。通过早期诊断与精准治疗,多数患者可康复。专家提醒,若出现突发精神障碍或癫痫等症状,应及时就医评估。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

神经免疫系统罕见病包括自身免疫性脑炎、重症肌无力等,其特征是免疫系统攻击自身神经组织。此类疾病常因症状复杂被误诊为精神疾病。

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中新网上海10月30日电 (记者 陈静)在很多人印象里,罕见病“少见、难治、没希望”。上海的神经内科专家陈晟教授30日在接受采访时直言,对大部分神经免疫系统罕见病患者来说,“罕见”不等于“不能治”,早诊早治,很多患者可以“卧病而来,健步出院”。

神经科罕见病占罕见病“半壁江山”,其中约半数为神经免疫系统罕见病。据介绍,自身免疫性脑炎(简称“自免脑”)、中枢免疫性疾病、重症肌无力都是神经免疫系统罕见病。席琳·迪翁所患的僵人综合征,也属于该疾病范畴。

“人体的免疫系统本来是防御外敌的。但在某些诱因下,它‘背叛’了人体,转头攻击大脑、脊髓、神经和肌肉。”陈晟教授解释,自免脑患者会表现出多种症状,如:突然出现癫痫不止,产生幻觉,性格大变,走路不稳等。

身为上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院神经内科副主任的陈晟教授指出,不少自免脑患者会先被送到精神科,当成精神分裂症接受治疗,可症状越来越重。他曾接诊一名17岁女孩,起初家里人以为孩子学习压力大,将她送到当地精神卫生中心治疗,但一直不见好转。在其所在科室,女孩被确诊罹患自免脑,接受规范免疫治疗约三个月后,完全恢复正常。

“早期诊断、早期治疗,大部分患者只要吃药控制疾病不复发即可。”陈晟教授介绍,神经免疫系统疾病的治疗已从“广谱轰炸”走向“精准点穴”。过去,医生要靠激素把患者的免疫功能全压下去,人长胖、长毛、股骨头坏死、血糖血压齐升;现在则可用创新疗法清除产生“坏抗体”的淋巴细胞。“未来CAR-T疗法有望用于难治性神经免疫系统疾病治疗。”陈晟认为。

这位专家直言,民众突然得了难治性精神障碍,突发癫痫,年轻人突发视力下降、看东西叠影、手和胳膊没力气等就医时,应及时到神经内科进行评估。

Open Questions

  • CAR-T疗法在神经免疫疾病中的具体临床进展如何?

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