
針對沈伯洋過去毒品防治文章遭斷章取義,專家學者出面澄清「減害」醫療專業觀點
國民黨指控台北市長參選人沈伯洋支持毒品,引發輿論爭議。專家學者指出,「減害」措施如美沙冬治療與清潔針具服務,旨在降低感染與死亡風險,並非鼓勵毒品使用,強調醫療專業與政治攻防應區隔。
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國民黨指控沈伯洋過去關於毒品防治的文章內容為支持毒品,引發蔣萬安在社群媒體發文批評。專家針對「減害」醫療政策進行專業解釋。
國民黨翻出民進黨台北市長參選人沈伯洋10多年前寫的毒品防治文章斷章取義,指控沈伯洋「縱容吸毒」、「支持毒品」,台北市長蔣萬安昨更在臉書發文對沈伯洋發起攻擊,結果湧入逾48萬則留言灌爆。專家表示,美沙冬維持治療與清潔針具服務,是針對不同需求、可以並行的措施,並強調減害並不是鼓勵或支持毒品。
台灣科技媒體中心今天邀請專家提供觀點,新竹馬偕醫院精神科主任吳易澄表示,「減害」(harm reduction)的基本精神,是承認一個人可能暫時無法或不願停止使用藥物,但仍可以先降低感染、使用過量、生命威脅及其他健康與社會傷害。減害並不是鼓勵或支持毒品,而是在成癮行為尚未改變以前,提供藥癮者一個重獲健康的機會,同時也避免施打毒品過程中繼續散佈傳染性疾病。
吳易澄說明,美沙冬(methadone)是一種長效型鴉片類藥物,可用於鴉片類藥物使用障礙的治療,它與海洛因等藥物作用於相近的受體,在適當醫療監測與穩定劑量下,可減少戒斷症狀及對海洛因等非法鴉片類藥物的渴求。從減害角度來看,美沙冬治療的重要性不只是「用另一種藥取代毒品」,而是降低高風險注射、共用針具、感染HIV或病毒性肝炎、過量及死亡等風險。
陽明交通大學公共衛生研究所教授陳娟瑜也解釋,美沙冬與丁基原啡因(buprenorphine)用於治療海洛因等鴉片類成癮,能減輕戒斷與渴求,減少非法使用、注射、感染及死亡風險,協助穩定生活。在台灣,兩者分別列為第二級、第三級毒品及同級管制藥品,依法處方使用屬合法醫療。美沙冬通常須每日到指定點服用;丁基原啡因經評估可帶回家使用,成癮治療尚未全面納入健保,可申請衛福部補助。
台北市立聯合醫院昆明防治中心、林森中醫昆明院區精神科醫師陳裕雄也說,提供清潔針具,是為了降低共用或重複使用注射器材造成的感染風險,尤其是HIV與病毒性肝炎(B、C肝等),不等於提供毒品,也不等於允許在服務據點施打。美沙冬維持治療與清潔針具服務,是針對不同需求、可以並行的措施;美沙冬採口服,並不能因此推論針具服務沒有必要。
陳裕雄表示,台灣自2005年推動減害計畫後,注射藥物相關的HIV疫情明顯下降,降幅超過99%,台北市也已有清潔針具服務。清潔針具服務、受監督的物質使用場所,以及醫療處方提供特定藥物,各有不同目的、適用對象與管理制度,不能直接跟「自由發放毒品」劃上等號。

The Hong Kong Security Bureau held the Huanggang Port Community Experience Day on October 4, inviting more than 1,500 citizens to visit the Hong Kong port area and experience the "cooperative inspection, one-time release" customs clearance model and public transportation facilities. Secretary for Security Tang Bingqiang visited the site to inspect and communicate with citizens to prepare for the opening of the port.

During the National Day, Tianjin optimized transportation hub services, promoted the second phase expansion of Jinnan Hospital and supported the development of intelligent manufacturing enterprises, integrating people's livelihood security with urban construction and improving citizens' sense of happiness in life.

He Xinchun, the Taichung mayoral candidate of the Democratic Progressive Party, held a campaign party in Fengyuan District, where more than 2,000 supporters poured in. Many important figures in the party took the stand. He Xinchun proposed the "three firsts" policy, emphasizing that Taichung will be developed as a capital city, and called on supporters to unite and strive to turn Taichung around.

The inauguration meeting of the campaign headquarters of Democratic Progressive Party Taipei mayoral candidate Shen Boyang was held on Beiping East Road. 120,000 people came to the scene. The Fire Extinguisher Band was invited to perform. Lead singer Yang Dazheng and Shen Boyang performed a surprise duet. Shen Boyang was moved to tears by the atmosphere and fulfilled his promise to sing, showing his campaign momentum.

The inauguration meeting of the campaign headquarters of DPP Taipei mayoral candidate Shen Boyang was held on Beiping East Road, attracting 120,000 people. Shen Boyang was not only moved to tears during the performance of the Fire Extinguisher Band, but also sang a duet with lead singer Yang Dazheng after the event, fulfilling his previous promise to start singing when the crowd extended to the Zhongshan South Road intersection.

Democratic Progressive Party Taipei mayoral candidate Shen Boyang set up his campaign headquarters on Beiping East Road today. President Lai Ching-te, former President Tsai Ing-wen and many green camp heavyweights attended to support the campaign. In his speech, Lai Qingde quoted a famous quote from the writer Ye Shitao, hoping to build Taipei into a city suitable for citizens to live and pursue their dreams. Artist Tsai Kang-yong also appeared at the scene.