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Back健康網》骨密度下降不只傷骨頭! 研究揭認知功能退化警訊
健康網》骨密度下降不只傷骨頭! 研究揭認知功能退化警訊
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自由时报3 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

健康網》骨密度下降不只傷骨頭! 研究揭認知功能退化警訊

約翰霍普金斯大學追蹤715人發現,骨密度較低者,腦部白質變化及整體認知分數下降較快,糖尿病者關聯更明顯。

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食農專家韋恩引述約翰霍普金斯大學研究指出,骨密度較低者腦部白質與整體認知分數下降較快,糖尿病患者關聯更明顯。研究推測骨骼與大腦退化可能受胰島素阻抗、血脂異常等共同代謝因素影響。

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Why It Matters

約翰霍普金斯大學追蹤715名無心血管疾病受試者,探討骨密度與腦部白質及認知功能的關聯性。

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骨密度較低與認知功能下降較快有關,研究者推測兩者可能受到共同代謝因素影響;圖為情境照。(圖取自freepik)

〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕骨密度低不只要擔心骨折,還可能與認知功能退化有關!食農專家韋恩引述研究指出,約翰霍普金斯大學追蹤715人發現,骨密度較低者,腦部白質變化及整體認知分數下降得比較快,有糖尿病者關聯更明顯。研究並非證實骨密度低會直接傷害大腦,而是推測兩者可能受到共同代謝因素影響。

韋恩於臉書與網站發文分享,受試者來自美國「動脈粥狀硬化多族群研究」(MESA),年齡中位數69歲,都沒有心血管疾病。研究團隊用深度學習從胸腔CT算出胸椎的骨密度,再追蹤腦部白質與認知分數的變化。骨密度較低的人,內囊前肢的白質完整性退化較快,胼胝體的白質高訊號累積較快,整體認知分數也下降得比較快,有糖尿病的人關聯更明顯。研究者認為,骨頭和大腦一起退化,可能是同一批代謝因素造成的。

研究說明,這項研究談的不是因果,而是觀察到一種可能同時造成骨骼與大腦退化的代謝症候群。骨頭與大腦同時退化,可能反映的是共同的老化代謝因素,包括胰島素阻抗、血脂異常和更年期變化,而不是骨頭直接影響大腦。

韋恩表示,骨密度在這項研究裡比較像一個指標,骨密度偏低的人,身上可能同時存在讓大腦加速老化的代謝問題。這不是說骨密度會直接影響大腦,而是研究者認為胰島素阻抗、血脂異常與更年期變化這些代謝問題,會同時傷害骨頭和大腦。

韋恩提到,維持骨密度的基本功是負重運動與關鍵營養素,這些營養素包括:

●鈣:鈣如同骨骼的「水泥」。主責強度與結構。

●維生素D:幫忙吸收、維持血鈣、調控骨質轉換。

●維生素K:活化骨鈣素,讓鈣「嵌」進骨頭。

●鎂:鈣的代謝拍檔,也協助維生素D運作。

●維生素C:幫助膠原蛋白形成骨骼內的彈力網,讓骨頭不只硬、也有韌性。

●Omega-3脂肪酸:抗發炎、促進骨骼生成、抑制骨質流失。

那些食物對骨骼帶來負面影響?韋恩提醒,高鈉超加工食物、含糖的可樂與飲料、過量咖啡因、過量酒精。

同時,根據衛福部衛教資料表示,在年輕時期能多增加10%的骨密度,就可使骨質疏鬆症的發生延緩13年。建議多攝取骨骼健康所需的鈣質、維生素D及蛋白質等食物,如乳品類、高鈣豆製品、黑芝麻及深綠色蔬菜外,可於清晨或黃昏時曬太陽,身體需要透過適當日曬來活化維生素D,及促進鈣質吸收。

衛教資料也提醒,若父母曾發生過骨折,尤其是髖骨骨折,則個人患有骨質疏鬆症的風險也會提高,另外,服用類固醇藥物者或停經後婦女、卵巢切除或45歲前提前更年期的女性,應注意自身骨骼健康,避免骨骼變得脆弱。

Open Questions

  • 共同代謝因素如何同時精確影響骨骼與大腦?
  • 未來是否有針對此代謝機轉的預防治療方式?

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