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Back四大御用經濟學家齊聲警告:地方債危機比房地產更緊急
四大御用經濟學家齊聲警告:地方債危機比房地產更緊急
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

四大御用經濟學家齊聲警告:地方債危機比房地產更緊急

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中國地方政府債務問題惡化,四位御用經濟學家林毅夫、余永定、姚洋、李迅雷在清華五道口論壇上直言地方債比房地產更緊急,稱地方政府財政一塌糊塗,中央政府需出手救助,否則將影響工資發放和社會穩定。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中國地方政府長期透過融資平台舉債基建,債務規模持續擴大,近年因土地出售收入下降和經濟放緩,償付壓力陡增,中央政府多次要求化解風險但進展緩慢。

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中國地方政府債台高築,情況之危急,已令中共4大經濟國師坐不住。(法新社資料照)

〔編譯盧永山/綜合報導〕中國地方政府債台高築,情況之危急,已令中共4大經濟國師坐不住。獨立評論人蔡慎坤 9月21日在X平台發表題為「御用經濟學家是逼宮還是諫言?」文章表示,林毅夫、余永定、姚洋、李迅雷4名御用經濟學家,平時說話小心翼翼,這次像吃了豹子膽,集中火力猛攻地方債,逼中央政府儘快祭出鐵腕救命政策。

2026清華五道口首席經濟學家論壇9月19日登場。據《21世紀財經》雜誌報導,在「宏觀政策與全球再平衡」圓桌討論中,北京大學博雅講席教授、新結構經濟學研究院院長林毅夫,中國社會科學院學部委員余永定,上海財經大學滴水湖高級金融學院教授、院長姚洋,中泰國際首席經濟學家李迅雷等人與會,直言解決地方債比房地產更緊急。余永定甚至直接挑明,中央政府的帳本乾乾淨淨,地方政府卻一塌糊塗。

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蔡慎坤指出,為什麼地方政府帳本一塌糊塗?中央政府一直清楚地方債的真實帳本,只是假裝不知道,地方債滾到現在,中央政府顯然也是無計可施。地方政府債台高築,欠銀行的錢、欠城投的錢、欠建築商的錢、欠供應商的錢都還不了,中央要求化債,地方只能勒緊褲腰帶,再鬧下去,恐怕連工資連養老金都發不出來。

姚洋把話說得更狠!他認為地方債的問題,比房地產還要嚴重。他估算地方債拖出來的「三角債」,規模已經到了30兆元人民幣(新台幣141.8兆元)左右。整個經濟已經轉不動了,這才是地方債最可怕的地方。

政府不付款企業不敢投資,企業不投資也就不招人,青年失業率屢創新高,老百姓掙不到錢,拿什麼去消費?消費起不來企業更不敢投資。4名經濟學家直接把球踢給中央政府,別讓地方自己扛,中央政府該出來救命了。

林毅夫提起當年朱鎔基處理銀行壞帳的魄力,銀行一屁股壞帳等銀行慢慢消化根本不可能,最後還是財政出手剝離不良資產,才有銀行業的瘋狂發展。姚洋則引用英國經濟學家凱因斯的話,「長期來看,我們都死了」,這句話放在今天尤其刺耳。余永定甚至搬出毛澤東語錄:「機不可失,時不再來。一萬年太久,只爭朝夕。」

蔡慎坤指出,4個經濟學家在同一個時間對著同一個方向喊,「快點出手!別再拖了」!為什麼連他們都坐不住了,是逼宮還是諫言並不重要,重要的是習近平願不願意聽或者聽不聽得懂。

如果接下來中央繼續加槓桿,更大規模置換地方債,清理政府拖欠企業帳款,那說明這些聲音至少產生了共振。如果還是讓地方自己還債維持投資,保工資還得刺激消費,那地方只能拆東牆補西牆,牆拆到最後,就是地方全面爆雷的問題。

蔡慎坤說,房地產已經給中國上過一課,地方債處理不好,對中國社會的衝擊比房地產更猛烈,4個經濟學家是在替地方哭窮,還是已經聞到了更濃烈的火藥味?

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 中央政府將在未來數月內推出地方債務重組或財政補貼方案

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 中央政府將具體採取哪些救助措施?
  • 地方政府債務總規模是否真的達到30兆人民幣?
  • 銀行體系對地方政府債務的敞口有多大?
  • 若中央不出手,地方政府是否真的將無法發放工資和養老金?

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