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Back不建厂房、不烧一克煤,“虚拟电厂”是怎么工作的?
不建厂房、不烧一克煤,“虚拟电厂”是怎么工作的?
NEWS
中国新闻网7 hours agoEnergy3 min readChinaView translation

不建厂房、不烧一克煤,“虚拟电厂”是怎么工作的?

不建厂房、不烧一克煤,虚拟电厂盘活了数千万千瓦的电力资源,成为新型电网不可或缺的调节员。

Quick Look

随着风电和光伏等新能源装机容量不断攀升,“虚拟电厂”应运而生。它通过聚合各类发电、用电和储能资源,发挥“快、稳、活”的调节作用,成为新型电网中不可或缺的调节员。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

新型电网中风电、光伏等新能源比重不断增加,其间歇性和波动性带来了调节难题。

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随着风电、光伏等新能源装机容量的不断攀升,一个在新型电网中承担着重要调节作用的新角色——“虚拟电厂”也应运而生。那到底什么是虚拟电厂?它又是怎么工作的?

“电厂”不发电?揭秘“虚拟电厂”真身

虚拟电厂的作用是什么?它的核心功能就是:调节!它把新型电网的各种资源聚拢,聚少成多、聚沙成塔,挖掘出可观的调节潜力。

先说发电端。风电、光伏都是靠天吃饭。比如说光伏中午日照强,发电量就高,早晨和傍晚发电量就掉下来了;在多云天,一片云飘过,发电量都会出现明显的波动。

再看用电端,用电需求有集中高峰期,有平谷期。比如杭州,今年夏天电网最大负荷冲到将近2500万千瓦。如果按照峰值来测算,杭州还需要再新建12座大型变电站,总投资近百亿元。但一年之中,高峰时段满打满算也就几十个小时。这些设施大多数时间都闲置着,显然不划算。

所以,在发电高峰时,虚拟电厂就要把风电、光伏发的电用起来、存起来。在用电高峰时,又要存起来的电及时释放,来支撑用电需求。

关于虚拟电厂,还有三个关键词。

第一个关键词,“快”。

首先得响应快,这靠的不是人盯。国家电网杭州虚拟电厂的调度助理,就是这位——人工智能大模型“杭电光擎”,它能秒级处理几百万条接入的数据,实时预测用电需求变化,快速给出解决方案。

第二个关键词,“稳”。

眼下,各行各业对供电稳定性的要求越来越高,而新能源的波动性又很强。所以,虚拟电厂的重要工作,还要做好新型电网的平衡,变波动为稳定。

第三个关键词,“活”。

除了风电、光伏和储能,虚拟电厂还把写字楼、商场、新能源汽车等小伙伴拉进了朋友圈。比如,它让楼宇的空调调高一两度。单看一栋楼省不了多少电,几百栋楼加在一起,就能顶得上一座中型发电厂。为此,杭州还搭建起“电力集市”,灵活运用市场机制,让朋友圈更活跃。

不建厂房、不烧一克煤,虚拟电厂盘活了数千万千瓦的电力资源,成为新型电网不可或缺的调节员。

Open Questions

  • 虚拟电厂的全国推广进度如何?
  • 普通用户如何参与虚拟电厂的市场交易?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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