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Back輝達重金遊說放寬對中晶片管制 黃仁勳醜聞引爆華府鷹派反撲
輝達重金遊說放寬對中晶片管制  黃仁勳醜聞引爆華府鷹派反撲
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自由时报30 minutes agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

輝達重金遊說放寬對中晶片管制 黃仁勳醜聞引爆華府鷹派反撲

輝達執行長黃仁勳捲入女間諜醜聞,華府鷹派抬頭,美國對中AI晶片出口管制預料將進一步收緊

Quick Look

輝達執行長黃仁勳遭爆與疑似中國女間諜黃樂有染,此醜聞引發華府關注。輝達近年大幅增加遊說支出以爭取對中晶片出口,但隨著醜聞爆發及國會鷹派抬頭,輝達對美AI政策影響力恐遭削弱,對中出口管制預計將更嚴格。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

輝達近年大幅增加對美遊說支出,旨在爭取放寬對中AI晶片出口限制。2025年12月美國國會曾擱置相關限制法案,川普政府亦曾批准H200晶片出口。

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輝達(Nvidia)執行長黃仁勳坦承婚外情,且對象疑為中國女間諜黃樂的醜聞持續延燒。過去幾年輝達大幅增加對美國聯邦政府及國會的遊說支出,以爭取放寬對中國市場先進人工智慧(AI)晶片的出口限制。如今隨著黃仁勳因女共諜案倒下,華府對中鷹派抬頭,勢將削弱輝達透過遊說對美國AI政策的影響力,美國對中國AI晶片出口預料也將進一步收緊。

追蹤競選財務和遊說數據的華府非營利組織OpenSecrets的數據顯示,2025年輝達對美國聯邦政府及國會的遊說支出高達497萬美元(新台幣1.63億元),較2024年的64萬美元(新台幣2103.36萬元)增加近7倍,今年前3季的遊說支出已超過469萬美元(新台幣1.54億元),預計全年遊說支出將超越2025年。

輝達遊說美國政府和國會的主要議題集中在AI政策、半導體貿易政策、出口管制規範、國防授權法案(NDAA),以及晶片安全法案等。在輝達的積極遊說下,2025年12月美國國會放棄通過旨在賦予美國客戶優先購買AI晶片權利的「保障國家AI獲取與創新法案」(GAIN AI Act),美國總統川普同月也批准輝達可向中國及其他國家出口H200晶片,換取銷售額25%分成。

不過,隨著黃仁勳與女共諜有染的醜聞爆發後,美國國會除了要求黃仁勳赴國會說明與黃樂的往來,以及輝達為防範外國間諜活動而制定的安全政策,預計也將通過3項對中晶片法案,將進一步削弱輝達的遊說空間。

北京清華大學戰略與安全研究中心副研究員孫成昊坦言,這場風波可能成為美國民主黨明年1月掌控國會兩院後,檢視川普政府對中科技政策的切口,國會預計將調查重心從黃仁勳個人延伸至晶片出口政策,包括商務部對輝達H200的出口審批、最終用途核驗等,美國對中先進AI晶片出口趨緊的機率上升。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美國國會將通過3項對中晶片法案

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 黃仁勳是否會出席國會聽證會?
  • 美國國會將通過哪些具體的對中晶片法案?

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