Breaking
CNThe Hong Kong government is viciously pursuing you! Joshua Wong was charged with "colluding with foreign forces" and sentenced to another 10 years in prisonBRWeather forecast today for Recife (PE): sun with some clouds and passing rain; at night, lots of clouds but steady weatherCNDon’t trust “famous teachers to lead camps” and “internal quotas”! Autumn break is approaching. Study groups should check these four items first.TRGoldman and Apollo in talks to sell SpaceX dealCNMorocco says it will continue to abide by ceasefire agreement in Western SaharaUSAsian shares mostly advance following US midterms, though Kospi falls on selling of chipmakersCN"Nippon" Another person from Hiroshima Carp ran away? Top 12 Japanese national team player Shogo Sakakura will use FACNTennis》After losing the first match, he was questioned whether he was worthy of being the world champion. Zverev: I don’t understand why I need to keep explaining.TRBig blow to TrumpJPTrump justifies operations against Iran, impeachment ban continues, midterm election vote counting continuesCNThe Hong Kong government is viciously pursuing you! Joshua Wong was charged with "colluding with foreign forces" and sentenced to another 10 years in prisonBRWeather forecast today for Recife (PE): sun with some clouds and passing rain; at night, lots of clouds but steady weatherCNDon’t trust “famous teachers to lead camps” and “internal quotas”! Autumn break is approaching. Study groups should check these four items first.TRGoldman and Apollo in talks to sell SpaceX dealCNMorocco says it will continue to abide by ceasefire agreement in Western SaharaUSAsian shares mostly advance following US midterms, though Kospi falls on selling of chipmakersCN"Nippon" Another person from Hiroshima Carp ran away? Top 12 Japanese national team player Shogo Sakakura will use FACNTennis》After losing the first match, he was questioned whether he was worthy of being the world champion. Zverev: I don’t understand why I need to keep explaining.TRBig blow to TrumpJPTrump justifies operations against Iran, impeachment ban continues, midterm election vote counting continues
Back民主黨重掌美國國會:能做什麼、不能做什麼?
民主黨重掌美國國會:能做什麼、不能做什麼?
Developing
BBC中文28 minutes agoPolitics4 min readChinaView translation

民主黨重掌美國國會:能做什麼、不能做什麼?

民主黨明年將控制參眾兩院,但共和黨籍總統特朗普仍可否決法案,國會推翻否決門檻極高。

Quick Look

美國民主黨在週二選舉中壓倒性獲勝,明年將掌控參眾兩院。然而共和黨籍總統特朗普仍擁有否決法案權力,國會推翻否決需兩院超級多數,民主黨遠未達此門檻。民主黨領袖傑佛瑞斯表示恢復醫療保健支出為優先,參議員昆斯警告勿將選舉結果視為授權。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國民主黨在週二選舉中壓倒性獲勝,將在明年1月掌控參眾兩院。然而共和黨籍總統特朗普仍擁有否決法案權力,國會推翻否決需兩院超級多數。民主黨曾在特朗普第一任期內兩度發動彈劾,但參議院均裁定其無罪。彈劾定罪需要參議院三分之二支持,即67票。

Font size

對民主黨而言,選舉之夜宛如一場奇幻的夢境。但到了明年1月,現實將隨之而來。

週二晚間,他們確實有理由雀躍。憑藉壓倒性勝利,民主黨明年將掌控國會參眾兩院。

美國眾議院民主黨領袖哈基姆·傑佛瑞斯興奮地表示:「今天,美國偉大復興正式開始。」

在競選期間,民主黨曾承諾調查腐敗問題、降低醫療保健、食品雜貨與汽油價格,並限制對伊朗戰爭的擴大。如今,他們將開始面對更艱難的工作,也就是將這些承諾付諸實行。

然而,華府權力版圖的改變,並不代表民主黨能立刻完成立法願望清單上的所有事項。民主黨雖然控制國會,但共和黨籍總統特朗普仍握有否決法案的權力。

美國聯邦參議員克里斯·昆斯接受BBC訪問時警告,民主黨不應將這次結果視為「授權」,民主黨仍然「極不受歡迎」。

「我們必須證明自己有能力做成事情,真正回應民眾對低薪與生活成本上升等問題的憂慮。」

民主黨能做什麼?

來自加州的眾議員羅伯特·賈西亞,即將領導眾議院一個具高度權力的監督委員會,這個委員會可能讓特朗普任期最後兩年變得相當艱難。

當勝選結果陸續出爐時,賈西亞發表聲明表示:「最好先找好律師。」

美國參眾兩院的委員會都擁有調查權,可用來調查總統及其親近人士涉嫌利益衝突等問題。

週二,賈西亞列出一長串可能調查的對象,包括特朗普家族、「企業腐敗」、國土安全部與移民暨海關執法局涉嫌濫權,以及政府處理愛潑斯坦檔案的方式。

參議院還擁有確認或阻擋總統內閣與司法提名人選的權力。

例如,如果特朗普任內出現聯邦最高法院大法官缺額,民主黨掌控的參議院可能阻擋相關提名,或迫使特朗普選擇能獲得跨黨派支持的較溫和人選。

眾議院也擁有彈劾總統的權力,這是國會罷免公職人員程序中的第一步。

民主黨曾在特朗普第一任期內兩度發動彈劾,但參議院最終都裁定其無罪。

不過,由於彈劾定罪需要參議院三分之二支持,也就是67票,因此即使民主黨重掌國會,要藉此罷免總統仍幾乎不可能。

民主黨內部也正辯論是否應再次推動彈劾。

2019年的第一次彈劾曾加劇黨派對立,並讓特朗普得以自我定位成政治迫害的受害者,後來反而有助於他再次角逐白宮。

傑佛瑞斯作為眾院民主黨領袖,幾乎必須批准任何彈劾行動,但他至今態度仍不明確。

他今年8月向CNN表示:「我們沒有排除任何選項。但也沒有預先決定任何選項。」

民主黨會面臨什麼困難?

選前,美國民眾對國會效率的不滿已相當明顯。蓋洛普10月民調顯示,僅14%的登記選民認可國會議員表現。

然而,在共和黨總統搭配民主黨掌控國會的情況下,美國政治僵局可能進一步惡化。

喬治華盛頓大學立法事務教授凱西·伯格特表示:「如果你認為上一屆由共和黨完全執政時,立法就已經很困難,那接下來只會更加複雜。」

由於民主黨在參眾兩院都擁有相對穩定多數,他們通過法案本身並不困難。

真正困難的是讓法案成為法律。

大多數法案都必須經總統簽署才能生效。特朗普有權否決他不支持的法案,而國會若要推翻否決,必須取得兩院超級多數票。即使民主黨週二大勝,也遠未達到這種門檻。

週二晚間,特朗普在共和黨接連失去參議院席次之際接受《紐約時報》訪問,語氣顯得溫和。

他表示:「我們會與民主黨合作,我們期待與他們合作。我們大概能找到解決辦法。」

然而幾分鐘後,特朗普就在旗下的社群平台Truth Social發布一張紅色競選帽照片,上面寫著醒目的「VETO(否決)」。

這種前後矛盾的態度,未來很可能成為他與民主黨國會互動的常態。

民主黨議員週二晚間承認,儘管反對特朗普是民主黨這次勝選的重要原因,但光靠這一點恐怕還不夠。

昆斯坦言,「這次選舉在很大程度上代表選民對特朗普及其政策的否定。」

但他也警告,「如果我們做得太過頭,或是內鬥過於激烈,就可能錯失這個時刻。」

儘管面臨總統否決風險,傑佛瑞斯仍表示,民主黨希望恢復共和黨削減的醫療保健支出,包括低收入族群使用的醫療補助計劃以及「奧巴馬醫保」市場補助。

他今年9月在一場醫療工作者活動中表示:「恢復醫療補助削減以及延長《平價醫療法案》稅務減免,是眾議院民主黨的首要任務之一。」

在生活成本、AI監管、重新檢視對以色列軍援及限制伊朗戰事等通常具有跨黨派特質的議題上,雙方協商仍可能破局。

隨著共和黨在國會轉為少數黨陣營,在2028年總統大選到來前,他們未必願意協助民主黨取得太多立法勝利。

民主黨內部也可能出現裂痕。特別是在以色列問題上,黨內立場差異可能使共識更難形成。

然而,他們也可能遭遇民主黨領導層阻力。

即便民主黨掌握國會多數,這項任務仍不容易。

布魯金斯學會治理研究資深研究員史考特·安德森表示,國會是否有能力迫使特朗普改變政策,仍然是一個「尚未解決的法律問題」。

他補充,「國會可以透過訴訟來解決這個問題,迫使法院告訴我們答案。」

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 民主黨將利用國會調查權調查特朗普及其親近人士涉嫌利益衝突等問題。

    Very likely · Within months

  • 民主黨將優先推動恢復醫療補助削減及延長《平價醫療法案》稅務減免。

    Likely · Within months

  • 特朗普將否決民主黨國會通過的部分法案,國會難以推翻否決。

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 民主黨是否會再次推動對特朗普彈劾?
  • 民主黨能否在特朗普否決下通過醫療保健等優先法案?
  • 國會與特朗普在以色列軍援、伊朗戰爭及AI監管等議題上能否達成協商?

Related Topics

This article was originally published by BBC中文.

Related Stories

The Hong Kong government is viciously pursuing you! Joshua Wong was charged with "colluding with foreign forces" and sentenced to another 10 years in prison
BREAKING·

The Hong Kong government is viciously pursuing you! Joshua Wong was charged with "colluding with foreign forces" and sentenced to another 10 years in prison

The Hong Kong High Court today sentenced former Hong Kong Secretary-General Joshua Wong to 10 years in prison for conspiring to collude with foreign countries or external forces to endanger national security. He is expected to serve his sentence until 2036 before being released. Joshua Wong has been detained or serving a sentence since November 2020. He has been sentenced to prison for many cases before, including contempt of court for 3 months and conspiracy to subvert state power for 4 years and 8 months.

自由时报
3 min read
Blue and White strongly recommends free health insurance for the elderly. Shi Chongliang: It greatly increases the pressure to raise health insurance premiums.
Developing·

Blue and White strongly recommends free health insurance for the elderly. Shi Chongliang: It greatly increases the pressure to raise health insurance premiums.

The Finance Committee of the Legislative Yuan reviewed the supplementary budget bill for the central government's general budget for 2015 on the 5th. Minister of Health and Welfare Shi Chongliang attended as a non-voting delegate. He is worried that the Blue and White legislators will amend the "Elderly Welfare Law" in the third reading, and the central government will subsidize the full health insurance premiums for the elderly whose income tax rate does not reach 20%.

自由时报
2 min read
Reuters: Republicans forced the Palace to change course, but Trump ignored them
Developing·

Reuters: Republicans forced the Palace to change course, but Trump ignored them

After the Democratic Party's victory in the U.S. midterm elections, Trump faced possible impeachment and investigation by the Democratic Party, as well as pressure from within the Republican Party to reshuffle White House personnel and cancel the Iran war and tariff policies. Vice President Vance appears to be distancing himself from Trump, and top White House aides are preparing for departures and a Cabinet reshuffle.

自由时报
3 min read
Shen Boyang talks about "Everyone is more accompanying you" and Li Sichuan points out two major elements
Politics·

Shen Boyang talks about "Everyone is more accompanying you" and Li Sichuan points out two major elements

KMT New Taipei Mayor Candidate Li Sichuan criticized DPP Taipei Mayor Candidate Shen Boyang's "Du Geng Accompanying Theory", pointing out that Du Geng is facing two major problems: low willingness of landlords and government censorship. Du Geng is more difficult if the accompaniment mechanism cannot solve it, and calls on legislators to relax the laws.

自由时报
3 min read
Tsai Ing-wen revisits Taichung's auxiliary election He Xinchun, Jiang Qichen shouts "Citizens are my last big shot"
Developing·

Tsai Ing-wen revisits Taichung's auxiliary election He Xinchun, Jiang Qichen shouts "Citizens are my last big shot"

Kuomintang Taichung Mayoral Candidate Jiang Qichen participated in the 2026 Taichung Citizen Picnic Day event. He responded to former President Tsai Ing-wen’s auxiliary electorate candidate He Xinchun on the 5th, emphasizing that citizens are the biggest support, and announced that a sea line gathering of tens of thousands of people will be held on the 6th, and Legislative President Han Guoyu will participate.

自由时报
2 min read
More on this topic民主黨