
美軍在阿拉斯加埃爾門多夫-理查森聯合基地對F-35A戰機進行敏捷戰鬥部署相關訓練。專家指出,雖然分散部署可降低單一基地被擊毀風險,但若防空力量未同步增加,將導致更多據點暴露於攻擊威脅,增加整體防守負擔。文章引用中東基地遭伊朗無人機與飛彈襲擊案例,並參考烏克蘭戰場經驗,強調需建立據點最低防衛標準與反無人機能力。
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美軍近年推動敏捷戰鬥部署(ACE)策略,將戰機、人員、彈藥與燃料分散到多個據點,以降低大型基地遭集中打擊的風險。然而,專家警告,若防空力量未同步增加,分散部署可能反而增加防守負擔。
美軍F-35A戰機在阿拉斯加埃爾門多夫-理查森聯合基地(Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson)進行「敏捷戰鬥部署」相關訓練。(圖取自美國空軍)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕美軍近年推動「敏捷戰鬥部署」(Agile Combat Employment,ACE),將戰機、人員、彈藥與燃料分散到不同據點,降低大型基地遭集中攻擊的風險。不過,美國軍事專業網站《空軍與太空軍雜誌》(Air & Space Forces Magazine)指出,戰機分散後,防空力量卻未必能同步增加,反而可能讓更多據點暴露在攻擊威脅下。
《空軍與太空軍雜誌》刊文指出,近一年中東美軍基地接連遭遇伊朗無人機與飛彈攻擊,E-3「哨兵」(E-3 Sentry)預警機遭摧毀,卡達烏代德空軍基地的聯合空中作戰中心也受到破壞。文章認為,現代飛彈與無人機射程愈來愈遠,即使基地遠離前線,戰機仍可能在起飛前遭到攻擊。
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ACE的核心是把原本集中在大型基地的作戰力量分散到更多據點,讓敵方難以一次癱瘓大量戰機。但據點增加後,燃料、彈藥、維修及通信等設施也必須分散,防守目標隨之增加。文章指出,如果基地防衛能力沒有同步擴充,分散部署可能從降低單一基地風險,變成增加整體防守負擔。
美國空軍面臨的另一項問題,是本身缺乏完整的陸基防空與飛彈防禦能力。過去部分空軍基地主要依靠陸軍提供地面防空支援,但相關陸空軍分工文件已經失效。《空軍暨太空軍雜誌》並引用蘭德公司(RAND)研究指出,空軍在陸基防空與飛彈防禦的發展及採購上,長期缺乏明確權責。
戰機可以分散 基地防空卻不能只靠支援
文章指出,當一座大型基地分散成多個據點,陸軍防空兵力並沒有隨據點數量同步增加,而且還要執行戰區飛彈防禦及機動部隊防護任務,因此無法保證每個據點遭攻擊時,都能立即獲得完整防空支援。
在此情況下,美軍需要把聯合防空與據點自身防衛結合。愛國者防空系統(Patriot)、薩德高空防禦系統(THAAD,又稱薩德)等仍扮演重要角色,但分散部署據點也需要具備基本的反無人機、感測、電子戰與被動防護能力。
文章並以烏克蘭戰場為例指出,低成本無人機不必摧毀整座基地,只要攻擊停放戰機、燃料、彈藥或通信節點,就可能降低基地作戰效率。美國空軍近年已成立據點防衛相關單位,並測試反無人機技術,後續關鍵則是替不同類型據點建立最低防衛標準。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
美軍將在未來數月內測試並部署反無人機技術至前線據點
Likely · Within months

Two F-16C fighter jets destined for Taiwan were spotted preparing to depart Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam but returned to the apron, marking another delay in their long-awaited delivery after arriving in Hawaii on August 21, with no official explanation from U.S. or Taiwanese authorities.

The U.S. military recently successfully launched an Anduril Altius-700 series drone from a UH-60M Black Hawk helicopter and accurately hit the target. Taiwan has the same helicopter fleet and has purchased 1,554 Altius-700M unmanned aerial vehicles. Senior government figures suggest that through technology licensing and modification of existing Black Hawks, the air launch capability can be achieved to reduce costs and improve operational flexibility. It is also regarded as a strategic opportunity to counter mainland sanctions.

The U.S. military received a US$12.9 million contract to integrate Global Military Products' "Lightweight Scorpion" 81mm mobile mortar system into the ISV-U infantry squad multi-purpose vehicle, allowing it to start firing within 30 seconds after parking, and complete firing and withdrawal within 2 minutes. It was verified in the "Balikan 2026" exercise between the United States and the Philippines. The two systems fired 20 rounds in 2 minutes, improving the mobile firepower of light infantry and reducing the burden of transportation.

At the 2026 Taipei Security Dialogue, Director of the American Institute in Taiwan Li-yan Koo pointed out that Taiwan can exert its unique asymmetric advantages to deter conflicts through the three fields of unmanned systems, mission command and social resilience, and emphasized that investment and reserve combat capabilities are the key drivers, citing the Ukrainian war experience as a reference.

A report by senior former defence officials released by the Sasakawa Peace Foundation on September 2 proposed allowing non-Japanese nationals to join Japan's Self-Defense Forces to address personnel shortfalls caused by declining birth rates and an ageing population. The government rejected the idea, citing public opposition to immigration and instead focusing on improving conditions for current personnel, supporting veterans, and expanding technology use like AI. Employers across Japan struggle to find workers, and analysts note the military lacks appeal for young people, while other countries like Britain recruit Commonwealth citizens.

Japan is constructing a new defence hub in Kure, Hiroshima prefecture, on a former Nippon Steel site to enhance military resilience for a potential Taiwan conflict. The facility will combine logistics, production, and military functions to sustain forces during prolonged fighting. Experts say this reflects a shift from deterrence to endurance planning, as Tokyo prepares to defend itself if deterrence fails. Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi warned a Taiwan contingency could be a 'survival-threatening situation' for Japan. The hub underscores Japan's accelerating military build-up amid concerns over China's growing influence in the western Pacific.