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Back我陸軍明年起不執行個別炸橋任務 烏克蘭曾以無人載具炸橋成效顯著
我陸軍明年起不執行個別炸橋任務  烏克蘭曾以無人載具炸橋成效顯著
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自由时报31 minutes agoDefense3 min readChinaView translation

我陸軍明年起不執行個別炸橋任務 烏克蘭曾以無人載具炸橋成效顯著

陸軍司令呂坤修宣布明年起調整訓練規劃,參考烏俄戰爭無人載具炸橋實戰經驗

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國軍今年在雲林、宜蘭、花蓮與台南完成4場實戰化橋梁爆破驗證,陸軍司令呂坤修宣布明年起不再個別執行炸橋任務,並指示將無人機全面融入工兵訓練。文章參考烏俄戰爭中烏軍以自殺式無人艇與無人機攻擊克里米亞大橋及赫爾松地區橋梁的實戰案例,分析現代阻絕作戰趨勢。

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Why It Matters

國軍今年在雲林、宜蘭、花蓮與台南完成4場實戰化橋梁爆破驗證,蒐集完整爆破參數並達成階段性目標。烏俄戰爭中,烏軍多次使用載有彈頭的自殺式無人艇與無人機攻擊俄軍控制的重要橋梁,包括2023年7月攻擊克里米亞大橋,以及2025年初利用載重型無人機在60天內累計投放1.5噸炸藥摧毀赫爾松地區橋梁。

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烏俄戰事持續進行,位於赫爾松地區的孔卡橋於2025年3月斷裂坍塌。這座堅固大橋在先前多次飛彈攻擊中均未損毀,最終遭烏軍以重型無人機鑽入橋底放置炸藥,成功完成摧毀任務。(圖擷取自 Telegram 群組「KHERSON Non Fake」

〔記者羅添斌/台北報導〕陸軍今年在雲林、宜蘭、花蓮與台南完成4場實戰化橋梁爆破驗證,陸軍司令呂坤修上將宣布,由於各作戰區已經完整蒐集爆破參數並達成階段性目標,明年起將調整訓練規劃,不再個別執行炸橋任務。同時,呂坤修也指示要把無人機全面融入工兵訓練,提升部隊戰力與戰場存活率。觀察近年烏俄戰爭的實戰經驗,烏克蘭軍方確實多次動用載有彈頭的自殺式無人艇與無人機攻擊俄軍控制的重要橋梁,在戰術與戰略上都打出相當亮眼的成績。

在無人艇作戰方面,最具代表性的案例發生在2023年7月。當時烏克蘭安全局與海軍聯手,出動自主研發、裝載高達850公斤高爆炸藥的「海寶貝」自殺式無人艇,長途奔襲並精準撞擊克里米亞大橋橋墩。這起攻擊成功炸毀大橋的公路橋面並波及鐵路結構,讓這條俄軍南線最重要的補給大動脈交通中斷好幾個月,逼得俄軍只能改用高風險的渡輪與繞道陸路運送重裝備,還得耗費大量防空與海上兵力來護橋。

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國軍第四作戰區12日配合台南市政府橋梁改建工程,由工兵部隊執行白河區頭前溪橋實彈爆破訓練。(第四作戰區提供)

至於無人機炸橋則展現了另一種創新打法。一般小型第一人稱視角無人機載彈量只有幾公斤,很難一次炸斷堅固的鋼筋混凝土橋梁。不過在2025年初,烏克蘭第426無人系統團針對赫爾松佔領區內一座俄軍控制的橋梁,採取了「螞蟻搬家」戰術。烏軍利用載重型無人機,在60天內出動30次任務,針對橋梁結構弱點累計投放1.5噸炸藥,最後再配合飛彈一舉炸垮整座橋,創下人類戰爭史上首度完全靠無人機系統摧毀大型橋梁的紀錄,成功在空襲與火箭彈都未能炸斷的情況下切斷俄軍補給線。

退役將領今天指出,烏克蘭之所以動用無人艇與無人機炸橋,是因為目標位於俄軍佔領區,工兵無法靠近,只能靠遠距無人載具強行突防;而國軍工兵演練的是在戰時針對我方控制區內的橋梁進行預防性破壞,可以直接在橋墩最脆弱處鑽孔裝填炸藥,效率與破壞力遠高於外部撞擊。

將領分析,這類阻絕作戰的核心關鍵在於掌握精準藥量與結構弱點,國軍今年透過4場實戰爆破蒐集完實測數據後,確實不需要每年重複炸橋。而陸軍接下來將無人機全面結合工兵專業,未來不僅能用來進行戰場偵察與損害評估,也能在敵火威脅下執行遠距精準爆破,正好與烏俄戰爭展現的現代作戰趨勢不謀而合。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 國軍明年起將不再個別執行年度炸橋任務,改為將無人機全面融入工兵訓練。

    Very likely · Within months

  • 無人機將被用於戰場偵察、損害評估及敵火威脅下的遠距精準爆破。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 明年起調整後的工兵訓練具體內容與頻率為何?
  • 無人機融入工兵訓練後,具體的遠距精準爆破作戰程序如何規劃?
  • 4場實戰爆破驗證的具體藥量數據與結構弱點分析結果是多少?

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