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Back国际最新研究:盐沼可有效应对极端波浪侵袭促进海岸防护
国际最新研究:盐沼可有效应对极端波浪侵袭促进海岸防护
Science
中国新闻网5 hours agoScience5 min readChinaView translation

国际最新研究:盐沼可有效应对极端波浪侵袭促进海岸防护

这项生态学实验有助于确定保护和恢复盐沼可在哪些地区最有效地促进海岸防护。

Quick Look

  • 国际学术期刊《自然》最新发表的生态学论文显示,一项巨型波浪水槽实验表明,盐沼能够在极端波浪事件中留存,仅受到轻度侵蚀。该研究由荷兰瓦赫宁根大学Pim W.
  • Willemsen等学者完成。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

面对海平面上升和风暴暴露增加,以消散波浪能量为重点的防洪策略正变得日益重要。

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中新网北京10月23日电 (记者 孙自法)国际学术期刊《自然》最新发表一篇生态学论文称,一项在巨型波浪水槽中开展的实验结果显示,盐沼能够在极端波浪事件中留存,仅受到轻度侵蚀。这一结果有助于确定保护和恢复盐沼可在哪些地区最有效地促进海岸防护。

本项研究相关现场图及示意图(图片来自论文)。施普林格·自然 供图

论文作者认为,尽管在极端风暴期间盐沼下方地面看似稳定,但土壤中的植物受损严重,这会削弱其消散波浪的能力。因此,盐沼可能最适合为经历中等强度风暴的海岸线提供防洪保护。

据论文介绍,面对海平面上升和风暴暴露增加,以消散波浪能量为重点的防洪策略正变得日益重要。盐沼因其床面较高且植被具有粗糙度,可以成为消散波浪能量的自然解决方案。然而,盐沼在极端波浪事件中的表现尚未得到充分研究。

在本项研究中,论文第一作者和通讯作者、荷兰瓦赫宁根大学Pim W. J. M. Willemsen与合作者开展一项大规模实验,分析盐沼对极端波浪的响应。他们将306平方米的盐沼和植被运送并安装到世界上最大的波浪水槽之一——三角洲水槽波浪发生器中。

三角洲水槽中的波浪(Guus Schoonewille 摄于荷兰三角洲研究院)。施普林格·自然 供图

研究发现,在高达2米的波浪与盐沼及植被相互作用21小时后,盐沼表面仅侵蚀了7毫米;第一次波浪试验后,植被量减少了33%,从每平方米831克降至每平方米558克;21小时后,地上生物量降至初始生物量的20%—25%,茎长减少了47%;与较大的波浪相比,植被对小波浪的衰减作用最强。

论文作者利用风暴潮、海岸高程和盐沼分布数据,将这项研究结果外推至全球尺度。他们的分析表明,植被可使波浪减弱10%以上;在低能量盐沼海岸(波高不超过1米的海岸),减弱幅度可高达50%。

盐沼照片(Guus Schoonewille 摄于荷兰三角洲研究院)。施普林格·自然 供图

论文作者总结指出,在经历低能量风暴的海岸处恢复和保护盐沼,可能是减轻极端风暴影响的一种前景良好的技术。即使在发生高能量风暴的海岸,盐沼也可能有助于衰减波浪,但主要需要与海堤等工程防御设施配合使用。

Open Questions

  • 全球范围内不同类型盐沼的长期恢复成本如何?
  • 极端气候频发对盐沼植被自然恢复的具体影响是什么?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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