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Back一部纪录片引发的追问:日本政府究竟保护谁?
一部纪录片引发的追问:日本政府究竟保护谁?
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中国新闻网1 hour agoWorld5 min readChinaView translation

一部纪录片引发的追问:日本政府究竟保护谁?

纪录片《东京上空300米》揭露驻日美军特权与日本政府应对困境

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纪录片《东京上空300米》在东京上映,探讨驻日美军特权、低空飞行安全及犯罪问题。影片质疑日本政府在《日美地位协定》框架下对美军人员犯罪的应对能力,引发公众对国家主权与人权保护的广泛讨论。

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Why It Matters

《日美地位协定》于1960年签订,规定美军在执行公务时享有优先审判权。冲绳县自1972年以来记录了超过6400起涉及美军人员的刑事案件。

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新华社东京10月11日电 题:一部纪录片引发的追问:日本政府究竟保护谁?

新华社记者李子越 杨智翔

“美国的利益,正被置于日本人的人权及日本国家主权之上。”

10日,聚焦驻日美军直升机在东京市中心低空飞行等问题的纪录片《东京上空300米》上映后,参与影片采访与制作的日本《每日新闻》记者大场弘行,在东京接受新华社记者采访时如是说。

片名中的“300米”,对应日本航空法规对人口稠密地区飞行安全高度的要求:原则上,航空器须与周边最高障碍物保持至少300米的垂直距离。然而,日本为实施日美地位协定而制定的“航空特例法”,却将美军航空器排除在该限制之外。

《东京上空300米》从上述角度切入,追踪美军人员犯罪、受害者维权及日本政府的应对等问题。

同一片天空下,为何有不同待遇?这一问题在10日的映后交流现场引发热议——日本政府究竟在保护谁?

日美地位协定由日美两国政府1960年签订。其中规定,美军执行公务时犯罪,美方享有优先审判权;公务外犯罪一般由日方优先审判,但若公务外犯罪嫌疑人已被美方控制,原则上仍由美方羁押,直至日方起诉。这意味着,美军涉案人员一旦返回驻日美军基地,是否将其移交日本警方全由美方决定。嫌疑人在美方庇护下,案件往往大事化小、小事化了。

大场在映后交流时说,当前现状是,日本警方虽然可以要求嫌疑人接受讯问,但若不能持续控制其人身自由,调查就会受到限制。每次讯问都需要协调,时间也受到限制,而嫌疑人在美军基地内受到怎样的管理和待遇,外界难以得知。

此类事件不断发生。本月3日,一名39岁的日本女性在冲绳县那霸市一家酒店内遇害。隶属于美军普天间基地的20岁海军陆战队员德文·巴拉德涉嫌杀害该女子,并抢走钱包等物品。冲绳县警方4日将巴拉德逮捕,但他否认犯罪。

冲绳县方面提出抗议,要求采取有效措施防止类似案件发生,以及从根本上修订日美地位协定。然而,在中央政府层面,首相高市早苗等官员的表态仅限于“极为遗憾”“表达抗议”“要求全面配合侦查、防止再发”等,至今未提及修改日美地位协定问题。

冲绳县统计显示,从1972年到2025年,美军士兵和军属所犯刑事案件超过6400起,且近年来涉及美军相关人员的案件数呈上升趋势。这些案件中,不乏震动日本社会的严重案件:1995年,三名驻冲绳美军人员绑架、强奸一名12岁少女;2016年,一名美军相关人员杀害一名20岁的冲绳女子并抛尸;2023年,一名驻冲绳美军士兵诱拐并性侵一名未满16岁的少女……

“我真的非常愤怒,因为这类事件一直没有消失。”现场观众高桥爱告诉记者。她说,她近日在美国驻日本大使馆前参加了针对冲绳女性遇害事件的抗议活动,然而,当时正在举办聚会的美国使馆里却传出了热闹的音乐声。

“这种鲜明的对比,真的让我感到非常难受。”高桥爱说。

纪录片中的一章题为“谁在让犯人逃脱”,揭示了另一个尖锐问题:美军人员涉嫌严重犯罪后,日本政府未及时通报,公众直到媒体报道后才获知。

“面对这么多问题,却总是选择掩盖,这本身就存在问题。”一名60多岁的男性观众在交流现场对记者说。

大场在交流中还回忆道,他在调查美军直升机设施周边噪音问题时,发现寻找愿意公开表达意见的日本居民十分困难。即使有人对此强烈不满,面对采访仍会“感到害怕”,有人担心公开批评美军后会受到调查,有人忧虑孩子将来就业可能受到影响……

战后80余年的今天,驻日美军“特权”仍深刻影响着日本民众的生活。要改变这种现状,日本或许还有很长的路要走。

Open Questions

  • 日本政府是否会启动《日美地位协定》的修订程序?
  • 美军基地内部对涉案人员的具体管理机制为何?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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