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Back中国东北发现新种有羽毛恐龙巴氏诺瑞龙
中国东北发现新种有羽毛恐龙巴氏诺瑞龙
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中国新闻网yesterdayScience2 min readChinaView translation

中国东北发现新种有羽毛恐龙巴氏诺瑞龙

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研究人员在中国东北约1.45亿至1亿年前的地层中发现新种有羽毛恐龙巴氏诺瑞龙,化石保存完整,长57厘米,部分羽毛结构可见。研究表明,小盗龙类与鸟类谱系中飞行相关特征的演化顺序存在差异,挑战了两类恐龙共享共同飞行构造的观点。

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Why It Matters

小盗龙类是小型、鸟状的肉食性恐龙,也是鸟类的近亲,其有羽毛的化石经常在中国东北被发现。

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中新网北京10月3日电 (记者 孙自法)施普林格·自然旗下学术期刊《自然-通讯》最新发表一篇古生物学论文称,研究人员在中国东北约1.45亿年至1亿年前的地层中,新发现一种有羽毛恐龙化石,命名为巴氏诺瑞龙,对其研究分析为“不同类群的鸟状恐龙在飞行相关特征演化上存在差异”这一理论提供了新证据。

左图:巴氏诺瑞龙附肢骨骼化石;右图:巴氏诺瑞龙艺术复原图(张闯/绘)。施普林格·自然 供图

这项研究由中国学者领衔并联合意大利、斯洛伐克等合作者等共同完成。他们介绍说,恐龙新物种巴氏诺瑞龙发现于辽宁省一处下白垩纪地层,是一件保存极其完好的小盗龙类(一种具有羽毛和翅膀的小型恐龙)化石,其完整的骨骼长57厘米,部分羽毛结构得以保存。

小盗龙类是小型、鸟状的肉食性恐龙,也是鸟类的近亲。这些有羽毛的恐龙化石经常在中国东北被发现。其化石显示,部分小盗龙类的前肢和后肢都长有长羽毛,这表明它们可能已适应飞行。

巴氏诺瑞龙化石(图片来自论文)。施普林格·自然 供图

这些特征究竟标志着近鸟类(包括小盗龙类和鸟类的类群)中飞行适应性的起源,还是独立演化而来,目前仍是一个悬而未决的问题,尽管现有证据表明后一种理论更可信。

对巴氏诺瑞龙化石的分析表明,该个体死亡时年龄至少为三岁,并展现出一系列与飞行相关的特征。研究人员将这些结果与进化树进行了对比,发现小盗龙类演化过程中识别出的解剖学变化中,约30%也在鸟类谱系中发生了演化。不过,这两个类群中这些共同特征出现的顺序存在差异。

小盗龙与鸟形类共有衍化特征的演化序列(图片来自论文)。施普林格·自然 供图

论文作者表示,这项研究发现挑战了“小盗龙类和鸟类继承了共同的飞行构造,或是共享了推动这种构造演化的发育过程”这一观点。

他们得出结论认为,塑造各谱系中与飞行相关特征的很可能是不同的选择压力,后续还需要进一步的化石和骨骼生长证据,来验证这种模式在鸟状恐龙中究竟有多普遍。(完)

Open Questions

  • 巴氏诺瑞龙的飞行能力究竟如何?
  • 不同选择压力在鸟状恐龙中是否普遍存在?
  • 需要哪些额外的化石证据来验证该演化模式?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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