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Back米雇用統計の伸び急減速、失業率悪化もFRBの利上げ観測後退
米雇用統計の伸び急減速、失業率悪化もFRBの利上げ観測後退
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時事通信1 hour agoBusiness2 min readJapanView translation

米雇用統計の伸び急減速、失業率悪化もFRBの利上げ観測後退

Quick Look

9月の米雇用統計では非農業部門就業者数が予想を大幅に下回る2万9000人増となり、失業率は4.2%に悪化した。雇用の減速はFRBの追加利上げ観測を後退させたが、失業率上昇は労働参加意欲の高まりによるものと見られ、インフレ懸念が依然強いとの見方が支配的。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

米国の雇用統計はFRBの金融政策決定における重要な指標であり、非農業部門就業者数の伸びは景気の先行きを示す手掛かりとされる。

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【ワシントン時事】2日公表された9月の米雇用統計では、景気の先行きを占う手掛かりとなる非農業部門就業者数の伸びが予想外に急減速した。失業率も7カ月ぶりに悪化したが、雇用情勢は「安定的な基調」(エコノミスト)を維持したとの見方が支配的。連邦準備制度理事会(FRB)は追加利上げの是非を判断する上で、今後発表される物価指標を重視する方針だ。

9月の米雇用、2.9万人増 急減速、失業率4.2%に悪化

9月の就業者数は前月比2万9000人増と、予想の9万人増を大きく下回った。失業率は4.2%と、前月から0.1ポイント上昇。弱い内容の雇用統計に加え、「政策調整は慎重に決定されるべきだ」(ジェファーソンFRB副議長)といった高官発言も相まって、FRBが今月27、28日の金融政策会合で、9月の前回会合に続いて利上げに踏み切るとの観測は後退した。

もっとも、失業率の上昇は働く意欲がある人の増加が要因とみられ、雇用悪化とは言い難い。就業者数の直近3カ月の平均増加ペースは約5万人を維持。「FRBの優先事項がインフレから(雇用に)変化するほど鈍化したわけではない」(金融大手)との見方が大勢だ。

米イラン紛争による原油高騰を受けて直近8月のインフレ率は3.4%と、FRB目標の2%を大きく上回る。物価安定を重視する「タカ派」として知られるクリーブランド連邦準備銀行のハマック総裁は2日、労働市場は完全雇用状態に近いと分析。「懸念はまさしくインフレだ」と明言した。

金利先物市場では、FRBが今月利上げに踏み切る確率は一時、インフレ圧力への懸念から7割に達したが、直近では2割まで低下した。ウォーシュ議長が金利動向を前もって示唆しない方針を堅持し、政策運営の不透明感が高まっていることも、予想の振れ幅が大きい一因と言える。インフレの根強さを示す物価指標が今後相次げば、市場の追加利上げ観測が再び強まる可能性もありそうだ。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • FRBが今月27、28日の金融政策会合で利上げを見送る可能性が高まる

    Likely · Within weeks

  • インフレ率がFRB目標の2%を上回り続ける場合、追加利上げ観測が再び強まる可能性

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 今後の物価指標がFRBの利上げ決定にどのように影響するか
  • 失業率の上昇が一時的なものなのか、構造的な変化を示すものなのか

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This article was originally published by 時事通信.

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