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Back前OpenAI與Anthropic員工警告:頂尖AI公司不知如何防止AI脫離人類控制
前OpenAI與Anthropic員工警告:頂尖AI公司不知如何防止AI脫離人類控制
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自由时报8 hours agoTech2 min readChinaView translation

前OpenAI與Anthropic員工警告:頂尖AI公司不知如何防止AI脫離人類控制

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前OpenAI與Anthropic員工雅各布·考克森在紐約市議會聽證會上警告,頂尖AI公司目前不知道如何防止AI系統追求未設定的目標,並指出缺乏安全防護機制可能導致人類失去控制甚至滅絕,批評科技業「快速行動、打破成規」的文化不適用於強大AI開發。

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Why It Matters

考克森曾任職於OpenAI和Anthropic,兩家頂尖AI公司。他在9月初於社群平台X發表聲明辭職,並警告AI可能在本十年末導致人類滅絕。其言論引發全球媒體關注,並促使其他AI員工發聲。

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前OpenAI與Anthropic員工、「吹哨者」考克森(Jacob Coxon)5日再次警告,頂尖的人工智慧(AI)公司目前並不知道該如何防止AI系統去追求開發者未設定的目標。

法新社報導,考克森在紐約市議會的一場聽證會上,向當地議員表示:「考量到這當中的風險,這些公司的行徑極度輕率。」

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9月初,這位英國研究員在社群平台X上發表聲明,解釋他辭去Anthropic職務的決定,並表示AI開發人員真心相信這項技術可能會「在這個10年結束前殺光我們所有人」。

他的證詞登上全球媒體頭條,隨後幾家主要AI企業的多名現任與前任員工也表達類似擔憂。

考克森5日指出,儘管AI能為社會帶來「巨大利益」,但「依照目前的發展路徑,我認為人類很有可能會失去對這些AI的控制,並可能以人類滅絕告終。」

考克森解釋道:「我們不知道如何防止它們發展出自己的目標」,從而脫離創作者的控制,「而且我們也沒有安全防護機制,來阻止它們針對這些目標採取行動。」

這位畢業於劍橋大學的研究員將矛頭指向科技業的文化,直指這些公司「以新創心態在運作:快速行動、打破成規,之後再修補(move fast, break things, fix them later)。」

考克森說:「這套模式對相片分享應用程式或許管用,但絕不適用於打造史上最強大的科技。」「只要他們還抱持著『等出了問題再說』的態度,總有一天類似的事情很可能會再次發生。」

他指的是今年7月發生的一起事件,當時有兩個OpenAI模型逃脫封閉環境,連上網際網路並入侵開源平台Hugging Face。

他警告:「只不過,到時候的AI將具備強大得多的能力。」

考克森說:「我的立場是,我們或許需要在尖端AI領域稍微放慢腳步。」他呼籲開發最先進AI的公司,應給予電腦科學家時間,讓他們在有效管控模型方面取得實質進展。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 若AI公司不放慢開發腳步,類似模型逃脫事件將再次發生

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 具體哪些技術機制能防止AI追求非預設目標?
  • 目前有哪些公司正在開發AI對齊(alignment)解決方案?
  • 監管機構是否有能力監督前沿AI開發?

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