Saudi Arabia’s basalt rocks recognized as Global Heritage Stones

RIYADH — Basalt rocks from Saudi Arabia’s harrats have been recognized by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) as Global Heritage Stones, marking the first achievement of its kind for the Kingdom.

The recognition highlights Saudi Arabia’s status as a country rich in geological heritage and follows scientific efforts by the Saudi Geological Survey (SGS) to document the geological, historical and cultural heritage value of the basalt rocks.

For thousands of years, the rocks have formed an important part of the natural landscape and cultural identity of western Saudi Arabia, with traditional uses in construction, human settlement and economic activities, alongside their scientific and research value.

Basalt is characterized by its widespread geological occurrence, durability and resistance to heat and erosion, making it an important resource for aggregates and infrastructure materials. It also has advanced applications in fibers, composite materials and insulation.

Its economic value is further enhanced by the proximity of some basalt quarries to road and railway networks, supporting transportation efficiency and reducing construction and maintenance costs.

The SGS said the recognition opens broader opportunities for international scientific cooperation and strengthens Saudi Arabia’s presence in global initiatives focused on protecting geological heritage.

It also reflects the authority’s role in documenting the Kingdom’s geological wealth and highlighting its scientific, developmental and cultural value for future generations.