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Back|Swiss Study Identifies New Alzheimer's Mechanism, Develops Potential Compound
Swiss Study Identifies New Alzheimer's Mechanism, Develops Potential Compound
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自由时报·6/11/2026·Health·3 min read·🇨🇳China·

Swiss Study Identifies New Alzheimer's Mechanism, Develops Potential Compound

Quick Look

  • A Swiss study has identified a previously underestimated mechanism in Alzheimer's disease involving the protein GRK2 and developed a compound that may disrupt it.
  • The research, published in Cell Reports Medicine, suggests that inactive GRK2 aggregates, attaches to mitochondria, and promotes beta-amyloid production, accelerating brain damage.

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瑞士1項研究發現阿茲海默症中1個先前被低估的機制,並研發了1種可中斷該機制的化合物。此研究發表在《細胞報告醫學》期刊上。

根據科學網站《SciTechDaily》報導,幾十年來阿茲海默症的研究主要集中在澱粉樣斑塊與tau蛋白上,這些蛋白質異常會隨著疾病進展而在大腦中累積。現在瑞士蘇黎世聯邦理工學院的研究團隊發現,鮮為人知的細胞蛋白質GRK2可能是神經退化的驅動因子,並可能成為新治療目標。

針對GRK2的探索始於將近20年前。當時蘇黎世聯邦理工學院分子藥理學教授奎特勒(Ursula Quitterer)從開羅艾因沙姆斯大學醫院的一位同事那裡獲得了腦組織樣本。這些樣本是在腫瘤手術中取得的,包括失智症患者與非失智症個體的組織。通過比較這些組織,奎特勒與同事開始尋找可能揭示先前被忽視的疾病驅動因子的分子差異。

奎特勒與同事最終將注意力集中在GRK2上,這是1種在調控細胞對訊號與壓力的反應中扮演關鍵角色的蛋白質。雖然GRK2在全身各處都存在,包括心臟與大腦,但在阿茲海默症研究中它相對少受關注。

現在研究團隊發現GRK2存在2種形式。一種是正常功能型,幫助細胞維持健康的訊息傳遞並因應環境變化;另一種是透過正常細胞過程產生的非活性型。研究人員在失智症患者的腦組織以及阿茲海默症小鼠模型中注意到,非活性GRK2的量異常偏高。更重要的是這種非活性蛋會聚集成團並附著在粒線體上。

粒線體生成幾乎所有細胞過程所需的能量,且神經元尤其依賴粒線體,因為大腦細胞需要大量能量來維持跨越廣大腦區的訊息網路。GRK2聚集物會阻塞粒線體的孔道,降低它們能提供的能量,導致細胞內壓力增加。越來越多研究者認為,粒線體功能障礙是神經退化性疾病中最早發生的事件之一。

研究團隊還發現,非活性GRK2與阿茲海默症高度相關的蛋白質β-澱粉樣蛋白之間存在聯繫。實驗顯示,非活性GRK2會促進β-澱粉樣蛋白的生成。β-澱粉樣蛋白也會對神經元施加額外壓力,促進更多非活性GRK2聚集物的形成。如此循環加速,可能進一步推動大腦損傷與認知衰退。

為了阻止這個循環,研究團隊在細胞培養和小鼠身上開發並測試了一系列實驗性化合物,其中化合物10(Compound 10)展現出最有前景的效果。該分子防止非活性GRK2聚集,有助於維持粒線體功能。隨著粒線體健康改善,β澱粉樣蛋白水平也下降。

目前還無法確定GRK2對人類是否會有類似效果,但研究顯示針對GRK2的療法可能影響多個與年齡相關的生理過程。研究團隊已為化合物10提出專利申請,並完成了建立其潛力所需的基礎研究。

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

Quick Look

  • A Swiss study has identified a previously underestimated mechanism in Alzheimer's disease involving the protein GRK2 and developed a compound that may disrupt it.
  • The research, published in Cell Reports Medicine, suggests that inactive GRK2 aggregates, attaches to mitochondria, and promotes beta-amyloid production, accelerating brain damage.

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自由时报
Published
6/11/2026

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Alzheimer's disease
GRK2
mitochondria
Alzheimer's disease
GRK2
mitochondria
beta-amyloid
neurodegeneration
drug development
Switzerland
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease