Political system of Bosnia and Herzegovina - decentralized system after the Dayton Agreement

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a highly decentralized country whose political system was created under a peace agreement intended to reconcile the expectations of the parties that have been fighting each other for years. There are several governments and parliaments in the country, and it is headed by a three-person, three-nation Presidium representing Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats.

The system and political system of Bosnia and Herzegovina was created by the Dayton Peace Agreement, which ended the 1992-95 war in that country.

The state of Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of two entities called entities - the Federation of BiH and Republika Srpska - and the small and self-governing District of Brčko. Many competences regarding the functioning of the country and its inhabitants belong to the entities and 10 cantons that make up the BiH Federation.

At the top of the structure is the internationally recognized state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has the typical attributes of a sovereign country, i.e. state borders, diplomatic relations, currency, international obligations, membership in international organizations, etc. However, according to the constitution, all competences that have not been expressly assigned to central-level institutions belong to the entities.

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