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Back德國前空氣芳香劑推銷員透過TikTok崛起,成為極右翼AfD薩克森—安哈特邦首席候選人
德國前空氣芳香劑推銷員透過TikTok崛起,成為極右翼AfD薩克森—安哈特邦首席候選人
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自由时报1 hour agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

德國前空氣芳香劑推銷員透過TikTok崛起,成為極右翼AfD薩克森—安哈特邦首席候選人

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德國前空氣芳香劑推銷員西格蒙德(Ulrich Siegmund)透過在TikTok上抨擊防疫規範獲得數百萬次觀看,現年35歲的他現為極右翼德國另類選擇黨(AfD)在薩克森—安哈特邦的首席候選人,其競選策略結合親和網路人設與東德懷舊情結,若當選將成為自1945年以來首位掌握邦級執政權的極右翼政治人物,其政見包括大規模驅逐移民、刪減公共廣播資金、禁止學校懸掛LGBTQ彩虹旗並提倡增加俄語教學,但曾拒絕評判納粹大屠殺是否為人類史上最嚴重的罪行,其競選團隊亦被揭露存在與極端主義和新納粹團體有牽連的成員,學者觀察指出其造勢活動往往為拍攝短影音而精心設計,德國戰後為防堵極端主義而建立的民主防火牆因而面臨前所未有的嚴峻挑戰。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

西格蒙德出生於兩德統一後,現年35歲,曾是空氣芳香劑推銷員,透過在TikTok上抨擊防疫規範獲得數百萬次觀看,現為極右翼德國另類選擇黨(AfD)在薩克森—安哈特邦的首席候選人,其競選策略結合親和網路人設與東德懷舊情結,經常騎著漆上該黨代表色水藍色的東德時期經典「西姆松」(Simson)機車下鄉拜票,甚至默許造勢場合演唱東德時代國歌。

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在新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期間,德國一名默默無聞的前空氣芳香劑推銷員,透過在短影音平台TikTok上抨擊防疫規範,憑藉親和的語氣與上相的笑容,成功吸引數百萬次觀看。

如今,現年35歲的西格蒙德(Ulrich Siegmund)已將網路聲量轉化為實質政治影響力,作為極右翼「德國另類選擇黨」(AfD)在薩克森—安哈特邦(Saxony-Anhalt)的首席候選人,他正一步步逼近權力核心,有望成為自1945年納粹政權垮台以來,首位掌握邦級執政權的極右翼政治人物。

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紐約時報6日報導,這名在TikTok擁有逾85萬粉絲的政治明星,擅長以樂觀陽光的人設包裝強硬政策。德國權威新聞雜誌「明鏡周刊」(Der Spiegel)8月曾以封面故事稱他為「德國最危險的人物」,但他與支持者將此視為榮譽勳章。

西格蒙德的政見包括大規模驅逐移民、刪減公共廣播資金、禁止學校懸掛LGBTQ彩虹旗,並提倡增加俄語教學。然而,在親切表象下,他曾在受訪時拒絕評判納粹大屠殺是否為人類史上最嚴重的罪行,亦未譴責支持者以納粹敬禮方式高呼他的姓氏;其競選團隊更被揭露存在與極端主義和新納粹團體有牽連的成員。

報導指出,西格蒙德的選戰策略精準抓住了前東德地區選民的相對剝奪感。儘管出生於兩德統一後,他卻極力操弄「東德懷舊情結」(Ostalgie),經常騎著漆上該黨代表色水藍色的東德時期經典「西姆松」(Simson)機車下鄉拜票,甚至默許造勢場合演唱東德時代國歌。當地高達8%的失業率,讓許多自認被主流社會遺棄的選民,將對未來的期望投射在西格蒙德描繪的願景上。

學者觀察指出,西格蒙德熟稔網路社群操作,造勢活動往往是為了拍攝短影音而精心設計,而非單純服務現場群眾。

儘管柏林政界與主流政黨抨擊西格蒙德的政見不切實際,直指他只是在「推銷虛假希望」,但他將排外論述與包容語氣相結合的獨特手腕,確實成功跨越了傳統極右翼的同溫層。西格蒙德的崛起不僅凸顯德國統一後的區域發展失衡,更對德國戰後為防堵極端主義而建立的民主防火牆,構成前所未有的嚴峻挑戰。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 西格蒙德將在薩克森—安哈特邦州議會選舉中獲得顯著支持,有望成為該邦首席候選人

    Likely · Within months

  • 若西格蒙德當選,將成為自1945年納粹政權垮台以來,首位掌握邦級執政權的極右翼政治人物

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 西格蒙德若當選薩克森—安哈特邦州長後,其具體政策將如何實施?
  • 其競選團隊與極端主義和新納粹團體的牽連程度及影響為何?
  • 德國主流政黨及社會將如何應對極右翼在前東德地區的日益增長的影響力?

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