
1988年發射的美國間諜衛星「USA 32」於9月13日在低地球軌道突然碎裂,美國太空部隊正調查原因,目前未構成立即威脅。
1988年發射的美國間諜衛星「USA 32」於9月13日在低地球軌道突然碎裂,美國太空部隊正調查原因。事件引發外界對近地軌道太空垃圾與碰撞風險的關注。
AI-generated summary
1988年發射的「USA 32」衛星被認為是冷戰末期美國間諜衛星,於9月13日在低地球軌道碎裂。
近地軌道衛星解體後產生大量碎片的示意圖;美軍近日證實,冷戰末期發射的「USA 32」衛星在軌突然碎裂,目前仍在調查解體原因。
1顆1988年發射、被多家媒體認為是冷戰末期美國間諜衛星的「USA 32」,9月13日在近地軌道突然碎裂。美國太空部隊證實,目前仍在分析解體原因,尚無法確定衛星為何會分解。
美國《新聞週刊》3日報導,美國太空軍「太空部隊」(U.S. Space Forces–Space,S4S),USA 32於格林威治時間9月13日晚間9時13分在低地球軌道發生碎裂。發言人表示,目前解體原因完全不明,相關調查分析仍在持續進行中。
根據公開航太追蹤資料,USA 32又被稱為「NORAD 19460」,1988年由美國國防部轄下的國家偵察局(NRO)發射升空,多家媒體報導指出其為冷戰末期的間諜衛星。瑞士太空追蹤公司s2a systems隨後在社群平台發布影片,宣稱畫面可見該衛星產生的大量碎片,但《新聞週刊》表示無法獨立驗證該影像。美軍表示,目前尚未發現USA 32構成立即威脅。
太空垃圾增加碰撞風險
退役衛星在軌解體並不罕見,但產生的碎片會形成太空垃圾,對現役太空設施帶來潛在風險。國際太空站(ISS)以及富豪馬斯克旗下的「星鏈」(Starlink)衛星網絡,均運行在低地球軌道。2024年6月,1顆俄羅斯廢棄衛星在軌解體,碎片曾迫使國際太空站內的太空人緊急避難約1小時。美國航太總署(NASA)統計,截至2022年,地球軌道上的太空殘骸總量已超過9000公噸。
歐洲太空總署(ESA)示警,近地軌道正面臨日益擁擠的環境,隨著新型衛星大量部署,部分老舊衛星在壽命結束後未能及時離開軌道,增加碰撞風險。目前平均每天至少有3件完整的衛星或火箭殘骸重返大氣層。

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