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Taiwan's "Little Treasury" Culture: Informal Finance Erodes Formal Systems
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自由时报·1h ago·🇨🇳China·Politics

Taiwan's "Little Treasury" Culture: Informal Finance Erodes Formal Systems

3 min read·%70 importance·568 words
#littletreasuryculture#informalfinance#non-profitorganizations#corporategovernance#financialtransparency#breachoftrust#embezzlement#cross-straitbusiness
自由时报
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◎ 林華庭

日前某財團法人基金會因高層幕僚私下經手兩岸台商百萬現鈔、未入公帳,而引發背信與侵占的司法訴訟。涉事者抗辯該款項僅是「物理上轉交」且「皆依指示用於公務」。這場風暴精確展現了台灣不論在非營利組織、甚至部分家族企業中,長期存在且被鄉願默許的「小金庫文化」。

某基金會因幕僚私下經手兩岸台商百萬現鈔、未入公帳,而引發背信與侵占的司法訴訟。圖為蕭旭岑與台商韓螢煥捧著大筆現金的照片。(資料照)

「小金庫」的本質是非正式制度對正式制度的非法侵蝕。設置者往往抱持「只要動機良善、經常用於公務,程序即可便宜行事」的僥倖心理。然而,現代組織治理的核心在於「程序正義」與「財務透明」,兩者是架構組織社會正當性的兩大支柱。

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無論是強調 ESG、注重股東權益的上市櫃公司,或是訴諸社會公信力的公益法人,其內部控制都必須嚴格遵循「收入入帳、支出核銷、職能分立與外部審計」的鐵律。一旦金流脫離了法定帳戶的掌控,落入私人名下或以現鈔形式在體制外流轉,組織的風險防禦機制便瞬間瓦解。在司法實務與法令遵循(Compliance)上,早已劃下紅線:「用途正當」絕非私設私帳的脫罪藉口;這種「制度外金流」的存在,本質上就是催生管理黑洞的溫床。

英國慈善委員會對非營利組織的監管嚴格,任何不明金流皆可能導致組織面臨解散。圖為英國鐘樓。(路透檔案照)

借鏡國際先進經驗,成熟的組織治理絕不依賴個人的道德自律,而是依賴嚴謹的制度設計。例如英國慈善委員會(Charity Commission)對非營利組織的監管,極度強調捐款來源的透明度與可追溯性,任何不明金流皆可能導致組織喪失租稅優惠或面臨解散。美國《薩班斯-奧克斯利法案》(SOX)更是將內部控制失職,直接提升至高階主管的刑事責任。反觀台灣,許多組織在規模擴大或涉入複雜利益時,其治理思維仍停留在傳統的「人治、親信、現鈔」模式,嚴重缺乏與時俱進的風險管理能力。

不論是企業或法人,若不痛下決心戒斷「小金庫」這類人治毒瘤,就永遠無法重建組織的永續價值與法治公信力。

(作者為元智大學管理學院博士生)

This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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