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Back비수도권·남성도 불공정 인식 높아…'강한 불공정' 매년 0.31%p↑
비수도권·남성도 불공정 인식 높아…'강한 불공정' 매년 0.31%p↑
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연합뉴스4 hours agoSociety2 min readSouth KoreaView translation

비수도권·남성도 불공정 인식 높아…'강한 불공정' 매년 0.31%p↑

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한국행정연구원 분석 결과, 비수도권 거주자, 저소득·저학력층, 청년층, 남성에서 사회가 불공정하다는 인식이 상대적으로 높았으며, 지난 10여년간 '강한 불공정' 인식은 매년 0.31%p 증가하고 '온건 불공정' 인식은 매년 0.33%p 감소해 공정성 인식이 전반적으로 악화된 것으로 나타났다.

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Why It Matters

한국행정연구원은 2013년부터 2024년까지 사회통합 실태조사를 실시하여 공정성 인식을 극단, 강한, 온건, 중상위 네 단계로 나누어 분석하였다.

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비수도권·남성도 불공정 인식 높아…'강한 불공정' 매년 0.31%p↑

(서울=연합뉴스) 홍준석 기자 = 한국 사회가 불공정하다고 인식하는 비중이 청년층과 저소득·저학력층, 비수도권 거주자 등에서 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다.

지난 10여년간 '강한 불공정' 인식은 늘고 '온건 불공정' 인식은 줄어 전반적인 공정성 인식도 악화한 것으로 분석됐다.

4일 한국행정연구 최신호에 실린 '공정을 향한 한국인의 시선은?' 논문을 보면 한국행정연구원이 2013∼2024년 실시한 사회통합 실태조사를 분석한 결과 이런 결론이 나왔다.

공정성 인식 수준을 극단·강한·온건·중상위 등 4단계로 나눴을 때 가장 큰 비중을 차지한 것은 '온건'이었다. 온건은 공정과 불공정을 합해 70.4%로 집계됐다.

이어 '중상위'(16.3%), '강한'(9.6%), '극단'(3.6%) 순이었다.

연도별로 보면 '강한 불공정'은 매년 0.31%포인트(p)씩 늘어나고, '온건 불공정'은 해마다 0.33%p씩 줄어들면서 공정성 인식이 양극화하는 모습을 보였다.

이와 관련 연구진은 공정성 인식이 양극화했다기보다는 악화했다고 보는 것이 타당하다고 분석했다. 어느 정도 사회가 공정하다고 생각하면서 동시에 불만과 회의감을 갖는 중간층이 여전히 다수를 차지하고 있기 때문이다.

공정성 인식은 사회경제적 특성에 따라서도 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

청년층, 저학력·저소득층, 비수도권 거주자, 남성은 상대적으로 사회가 불공정하다고 인식하는 비중이 컸고, 고령층, 고학력·고소득층, 수도권 거주자, 여성은 사회를 공정하게 인식하는 응답자가 상대적으로 많았다.

이는 공정성 인식이 개인 가치관이나 특정 세대 정서만으로 설명될 수 없으며 교육 수준, 취업 여부, 자원 분배, 일상적 경험에 따라 달라짐을 보여준다고 연구진은 봤다.

연구진은 "공정성 인식은 사회경제적 위치라는 지속적 조건에 뿌리를 두고 있다"며 "이는 공정성 인식의 개선이 단기적 정책 캠페인이나 담론적 개입만으로는 달성되기 어려움을 함의한다"고 강조했다.

Open Questions

  • 공정성 인식 악화를 구체적으로 개선할 수 있는 정책은 무엇인가?
  • 비수도권과 수도권 간 공정성 인식 격차가 지속되는 원인은 무엇인가?
  • 남성과 여성 간 공정성 인식 차이의 사회적 요인은 무엇인가?

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This article was originally published by 연합뉴스.

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