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Back机场光伏技术破题 如何从能源消耗者转变为清洁能源生产者
机场光伏技术破题 如何从能源消耗者转变为清洁能源生产者
NEWS
中国新闻网5 hours agoEnergy6 min readChinaView translation

机场光伏技术破题 如何从能源消耗者转变为清洁能源生产者

Quick Look

中国多地机场推进光伏项目,通过防眩光、抗风揭等技术突破,使航站楼屋顶等设施从能源消耗者转变为清洁能源生产者,助力绿色交通规模化普及。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中国民用机场协会于2024年发布民用机场光伏设施规划设计指南,推动交通基础设施绿色转型。

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中新网北京10月26日电 题:机场光伏技术破题 如何从能源消耗者转变为清洁能源生产者

作者 张素 燕涵

建设中的厦门翔安国际机场,指廊及货运区的建筑光伏系统已正式并网,5.6万平方米光伏屋面相当于8个标准足球场;

西安咸阳国际机场T5航站楼,在其综合交通中心及停车楼的屋顶上,1.15兆瓦的建筑光伏一体化系统让屋面在承担围护功能的同时持续产电……

记者近日采访相关研发团队获悉,技术破题,助力“交通+光伏”的融合从示范探索走向规模化普及。机场正在从能源的消耗者,转变为清洁能源的生产者。

安全是“生命线”

机场是用能大户,也是天然的发电载体。

有分析称,航站楼、指廊、货运区、交通中心等设施具有成片的大跨度屋顶,同时,机场的用电高峰与日照高峰重叠。机场是建筑光伏最理想的应用场所之一。

清华大学建筑学院教授林波荣此前指出,机场大规模应用光伏等可再生能源极具潜力,通过储能、蓄能等柔性技术使机场能源需求具有弹性,削减用电高峰,减少电网供应压力,并应对大量可再生能源供应的时空不确定性。

安全是民航“生命线”。2024年,中国民用机场协会发布民用机场光伏设施规划设计指南。这份团体标准从规划与选址、太阳能资源量评估、光伏发电、接入系统、光伏消纳、土建结构、安全风险评估等方面进行规范。

光伏板在阳光下的强烈反射,可能在飞机起降的关键时刻干扰飞行员的视线。荷兰、美国等地案例表明,光伏组件存在表面眩光风险,可能影响机场运行安全。

解决眩光问题

如何解决光伏组件表面眩光问题,降低组件脱落风险,提升屋面荷载、抗风揭能力,成为机场光伏应用的一个“破局”关键。

国家太阳能光伏产品质量检验检测中心副主任朱晓岗在受访时表示,要更好融合新能源和机场运营建设,就一定要有专用组件。

“光伏行业可以通过技术革新,对光伏玻璃做一个防眩光处理,解决光伏板在阳光下的强烈反射。”朱晓岗说。

据知,厦门翔安国际机场项目采用定制防眩光组件,将镜面反射率平均值严格控制在0.40%的极低水平,从源头消除对飞行安全的光学干扰。来自隆基绿能的研发团队负责人表示,通过特殊工艺处理组件表面,将高亮度镜面反射转化为低强度漫反射,发电效率损失被控制在可忽略的范围。

西安咸阳国际机场T5航站楼则提供另一条路径。光伏系统在枢纽新建阶段同步设计、同步施工,避免后期加装对运营的干扰。

过数道技术关

官方发布的指导意见提出,到2027年交通基础设施沿线非化石能源发电装机容量不低于500万千瓦。在业内人士看来,随着光伏技术的不断优化和防眩光技术的成熟,未来光伏将在机场的绿色转型中发挥更加重要的作用。

“光伏产品将在绿色环节,特别是绿色机场建设、绿色交通方面出更大力。”朱晓岗说。

在研发人员看来,机场光伏的规模化落地,靠的不是组件的简单堆砌,而是对场景的深刻理解。隆基光建相关负责人以翔安国际机场为例介绍说,一个项目至少要过四道关。

首先,机场地理条件对支架基础和组件结构的长期稳定性提出严苛要求。其次,沿海强台风频发,需按当地基本风压核算抗风揭设计,对连接件做专项耐腐蚀处理,应对高盐雾环境。

同时,指廊屋面为双向曲面,常规排布方式无法适用,施工团队借助建筑信息模型与三维激光扫描技术,实测屋面形态后再逐点确定支架定位与安装角度。此外,因应指廊、货运区与飞行区的场景不同,阵列布局还需按区域分级精细化调整。

专家表示,防眩光这张“安全牌”不仅填补了行业空白,也消除了机场在追求低碳道路上的后顾之忧。机场光伏积累的防眩光、抗风揭、耐盐雾等民航级验证经验,更将向更广阔的交通能源融合场景迁移,惠及更多地区。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 交通基础设施沿线非化石能源发电装机容量到2027年达到不低于500万千瓦。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 未来更多机场推广光伏的资金成本如何分摊?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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