
從中共五中全會宣講活動,反思台灣言論自由與民主制度的價值
文章透過中共五中全會的宣講活動與政治要求,反思台灣言論自由、監察制度與政黨與國家分離的價值,呼籲民眾查證訊息、尊重差異,理性監督政府與國防政策。
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文章引用中共五中全會將「全面從嚴治黨」列為重點,強調集中領導與反貪腐,並提及中央宣講團啟動全國宣講,政協、軍隊、國營企業、金融機構及大學陸續表態落實決議。
多數台灣人認為,中共五中全會只是距離己身遙遠的政治新聞;示意圖。(歐新社)
對多數台灣人而言,「中共」五中全會似乎只是遙遠的政治新聞,會議決議與日常生活有何關係?然而,從會後接連展開的宣講活動,便能想到一個問題:我們習以為常的自由,真的那麼平常嗎?
此次五中全會將「全面從嚴治黨」列為重點,強調集中領導與反貪腐,會後中央宣講團啟動全國宣講,政協、軍隊、國營企業、金融機構及大學也陸續表態落實決議;這不只是政策傳達,也顯示政治要求如何進入組織管理與教育體系,對我們而言,值得思考的是:當政治要求深入工作與學習,人們還能多自由地提出不同看法?
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在台灣,我們可以批評政府施政、質疑官員說法,也可以在網路上公開爭論,有人支持政策,有人反對,有時甚至吵得難看,但意見不一致,不代表社會失去團結;真正重要的是,人民不必為了表現忠誠而放棄自己的判斷,也不必將某個政黨的立場當作唯一答案,這些日常權利,正是自由民主制度的基礎。
五中全會也大談反貪腐,打擊貪腐值得肯定,但抓了多少人,並不能單獨證明權力已受到有效約束;比起公布查處數字,我們更該追問:誰有權調查掌權者?調查過程能否接受檢驗?民眾與媒體能否持續追問?在台灣,監察、司法、立法院與新聞監督各有不同功能,也可能出錯,但制度的價值,正在於保留追究責任與修正錯誤的途徑。
另一個不能忽略的差別,是國家不等於政黨,《解放軍報》要求軍隊將思想與行動統一於黨中央,其他機關也強調服從政治部署;對台灣人民來說,愛護家園不等於必須支持某一執政者,認同文化也不等於接受特定政治安排,當兩岸交流出現「同文同種,就應政治一致」之類說法時,更要分清文化情感、經濟合作與政治選擇之間的界線。
當然,不能因為這些會議報導,就認定每場交流都是統戰,也不必將不同意見視為敵意,真正需要警覺的,是有人利用交流之名,要求我們放棄提問,或把批評政府扭曲成不愛台灣;五中全會提醒我們,自由不是毫無爭論,而是每個人都能保持判斷、要求證據、監督權力,面對「中共」可能的離間與挑撥,國人應查證訊息、尊重差異,理性監督政府與國防政策,同時持續支持必要的建軍備戰,讓自由家園既有民主的韌性,也有維護安全的能力。
面對「中共」可能的離間與挑撥,國人應查證訊息、尊重差異,理性監督政府與國防政策;示意圖。(美聯社)
(作者為教職)

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