Breaking
KRGen.G advances to the finals of the 2026 LoL World Championship... 3-0 win over IGFRPSG-Troyes: Mayulu luxury joker, the Park celebrates its Virage Auteuil, Torres at half mast… The tops and flopsCNGuangxi launches first "Baguisuo Noodles" themed tourist train with rice noodle display area on boardCNKaohsiung Pier 2 "Forced Town" comes on stage to make life easier: the market with the most Taiwanese-sounding homophonic memes in historyGLOBALThe Trump coalition is shattered - what will Republicans do now?KRMy Chemical Romance, first performance in Korea in 18 years... 20,000 people singing along to warm up the coldCNJapanese super grandma lived to be 106 years old without children Qiu Qinyi: Know how to cherish and let goCNYouth Olympic 3X3 Women's Basketball Team"Taiwanese young player is awesome! 2 consecutive wins in the group stage to advance to the quarterfinalsINRohit Sharma enters record books with historic feat in rain-hit Wellington ODIJPDream unfulfilled for the first time in 12 years: Japan's runner-up showing growth - U17 Women's World Cup soccerKRGen.G advances to the finals of the 2026 LoL World Championship... 3-0 win over IGFRPSG-Troyes: Mayulu luxury joker, the Park celebrates its Virage Auteuil, Torres at half mast… The tops and flopsCNGuangxi launches first "Baguisuo Noodles" themed tourist train with rice noodle display area on boardCNKaohsiung Pier 2 "Forced Town" comes on stage to make life easier: the market with the most Taiwanese-sounding homophonic memes in historyGLOBALThe Trump coalition is shattered - what will Republicans do now?KRMy Chemical Romance, first performance in Korea in 18 years... 20,000 people singing along to warm up the coldCNJapanese super grandma lived to be 106 years old without children Qiu Qinyi: Know how to cherish and let goCNYouth Olympic 3X3 Women's Basketball Team"Taiwanese young player is awesome! 2 consecutive wins in the group stage to advance to the quarterfinalsINRohit Sharma enters record books with historic feat in rain-hit Wellington ODIJPDream unfulfilled for the first time in 12 years: Japan's runner-up showing growth - U17 Women's World Cup soccer
Back少數民族傳統與觀光潮交織 北越百年同文市集的變與不變
少數民族傳統與觀光潮交織  北越百年同文市集的變與不變
World
中央社54 minutes agoWorld4 min readChinaView translation

少數民族傳統與觀光潮交織 北越百年同文市集的變與不變

石漠高原市集在國際觀光浪潮中保留傳統底蘊,年輕一代面臨生活抉擇與轉型

Quick Look

位於越中邊境石漠高原的百年同文市集,是少數民族維繫生計與情感的社交中心。隨著國際觀光浪潮,市集在保留傳統底蘊的同時,也映照出年輕一代的生活抉擇與轉型生機。牲畜交易、手工藝品與傳統美食並存,年輕人則在傳統與觀光產業之間尋找出路。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

同文市集位於越南河江省石漠高原,距越中邊境直線距離約3公里。市集始於19世紀末,由苗族、瑤族、岱族、倮倮族及跨境中國人形成的小型山區貿易站發展而來。1920年代法國殖民政府設立行政中心並開始現代化規劃。市集位於河江環線幸福公路上,貫穿聯合國教科文組織同文高原喀斯特地質公園。

Font size

位於越中邊境石漠高原的百年同文市集,始終是少數民族維繫生計與情感的社交心臟。隨著國際觀光浪潮,大山深處百年市集在保留熱鬧山城人情與傳統底蘊的同時,也映照出年輕一代的生活抉擇與轉型生機。

在群山環抱,距越中邊境直線距離僅約3公里的石漠高原深處,同文市集(Đồng Văn)週日清晨如期甦醒。

薄霧尚未散去,老街對面街道早被人潮填滿。攤販穿上刺繡傳統服飾,空氣中交織著少數民族語言的吆喝聲、牲畜的嘶鳴,及傳統小吃的香氣,彷彿是場嘉年華。

喧騰鼎沸的市集風景 聲音氣味交織嘉年華

19世紀末,周邊山區苗族(H'mông,或稱赫蒙族)、瑤族(Dao)、岱族(Tay)、倮倮族(Lô Lô)及跨境中國人逐漸聚集於此形成的小型山區貿易站,各族居民在此交換高山藥材、牲畜和日常用品。1920年代,法國殖民政府在同文設立了行政中心,並開始對市集進行現代化規劃。

時至今日,這座百年市集仍是周邊少數民族生計與生活重心,他們週六晚上或週日凌晨,推著木車、背著竹簍,在崎嶇山路中或步行或騎機車,帶著手工藝品或農作物向同文社齊聚。

市集最側邊是牲畜交易區,族人牽著牛、豬、雞待價而沽。苗族人黃氏梅(Vàng Thị Mai)這天已賣掉了7隻種豬,之後再買些小豬回去養大來賣。

30歲出頭的他告訴中央社,自己已年紀太大,去不了城市工作,只能期待孩子未來出路。「我想讓孩子讀書就好,不要再做這種工作了,真的太辛苦了」。

相較於閒聊間做買賣的豬隻交易,賣牛的這群,氣氛就緊繃且更為神秘。買賣家都只有男人,三五人抱團竊竊私語,對牛隻品頭論足。當地人告訴中央社,牛隻販賣不公開喊價,而是由幾位中間客幫雙方傳話、喬價格。

看客阿卓(Tro)也是苗族人,賣牛7、8年了,也是賣掉大的再買小的回去養。省話的他講到看牛標準,就興奮了起來。他告訴記者,「你看它漂亮、腳又粗、頭看起來大小剛好的,就要買;不夠漂亮的我就不買」。

由於位處於河江環線(Ha Giang Loop)中最著名的幸福公路(Happiness Road)上,貫穿名列聯合國教科文組織的同文高原喀斯特地質公園,以震撼景觀大受國內外遊客青睞,尤其在歐美背包客中人氣不墜。

迎來國際觀光熱潮 深山百年民族市集的變與不變

因此,同文市集近年來不僅包車前來的越南本地遊客蜂擁而至,穿梭在市集間拿著手機好奇拍攝的年輕外國遊客也明顯增加,同時出現了在地傳統與國際化的鮮明對比。

保有傳統的同文市集正被深刻改變,黃氏梅說,「變化真的很大,最近每年都有很多變化,看到遊客來得多,就表示生意變得比較好了」。

養牛的阿卓卻有不同感受。他感嘆,「這市場都沒變過,跟以前一樣都差不多。不過養牛人變少了,今年都沒什麼人在養牛,大家都跑去打工了,只剩老人在養牛而已」。

賣牛的變少了,但販賣手工刺繡、蠟染織品、高山茶與咖啡的外圍攤販卻多了一些。不過,有別於沙壩等觀光市集,這裡仍以在地生活用品為核心。

39歲來自苗族的瓦氏美(Vả Thị Mỷ)正烤著用當地特產的蕎麥花籽製成的蕎麥烤餅,口感扎實、香氣四溢。

趕集已近20年的他提到市場的改變,開心說道:「現在市場變得更寬敞,什麼東西也都能賣得更好。這幾年多了很多的客人,現在我賣東西,比以前容易多了」。不過他也擔心,將來孩子恐怕不會想承接,「孩子們大概不會做吧,這個行業太辛苦了」。

儘管如此,市集中還是能看到許多少數民族Z世代的身影,大部分是幫忙家人做生意,也有些是選擇離鄉在市區工作的年輕人,抓緊時間來和親友串門子。

20歲出頭的苗族人阿儒(Nho)在融合法國殖民風格、華南建築與苗族傳統土牆結構的同文老街一家咖啡廳工作。

他告訴中央社:「同文這裡外國觀光客非常多,經濟發展得很好。現在,來河江和同文等地的國內外遊客很多,很熱鬧。對我們來說,在這裡工作,無論是經營民宿、酒店、咖啡館,還是帶旅遊團,都是一份越來越有發展前景的工作。」

跨越山徑聚落樞紐 連結周邊民族的生命線

對世居於河江省崇山峻嶺間的少數民族而言,同文市集遠不只是買賣交易的場所,更是他們維持社會連結與文化認同的生命線,不僅是添購生活必需品、交換農產的重要據點,也承載他們與外界互通有無的期待,即使在科技快速發展的當下,每週一次的趕集作為維繫情誼的社交盛會,仍是不變的傳統。

年近30的阿王(Vừ)則是瑤族人,在同文市集中央鐵皮搭建的布料服飾區中不停地踩著裁縫車,為部落族人修補衣服,生意極好。他覺得能在家鄉賺足夠家裡開銷的錢,離孩子、丈夫近,更勝於出門打工。

他告訴中央社,有時離住的親友比較遠,平時都待在家裡做事,也不常出門,所以趕集如果遇到了,就會找機會談天敘舊。

「有些大叔、大嬸聊天會喝酒,一直喝到酩酊大醉,喝酒聊天之後,有些人甚至最後睡在市場裡,睡到天亮醒了才回家。很多都是苗族人啦,他們都會喝玉米酒配很多馬肉湯」。

馬肉湯(Thắng Cố)以馬肉、馬內臟搭配多種高山香料燉煮,風味類似牛雜湯,是市集最著名的傳統美食。

對於越來越國際化的市場,阿王很樂觀,說:「人潮越多,我們當地的文化就能傳播得更遠,人們的認識會更深入、影響範圍更大,也會有更多人來拜訪我們了。」

正如當地人所說,人們在這不僅為了買賣,更是為了相聚。父母輩維持了世代的生活方式,年輕一代則在這裡看見外界與傳統的交匯。這個市集,就像是高原民族跳動的心臟,傳承了大山深處的傳統技藝與人情溫度。(編輯:陳承功)

Open Questions

  • 市集具體的每週交易額或參與人數是多少?
  • 年輕一代離鄉打工的具體比例是多少?
  • 觀光發展對市集傳統交易秩序的長期影響如何?

Related Topics

This article was originally published by 中央社.

Related Stories

Southeast Asian police teams go to "Village Super League" to play football
Developing·

Southeast Asian police teams go to "Village Super League" to play football

The 2026 Lancang-Mekong Police Football Game was held in Rongjiang County, Guizhou Province. A team composed of law enforcement agencies from Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam competed with the Rongjiang "Village Super League" football team on the same field to meet friends through football to deepen people-to-people and cultural exchanges, implement the spirit of the Six-Country Ministerial Conference on Law Enforcement Security Cooperation, and promote deeper and more solid regional law enforcement and security cooperation.

中国新闻网
3 min read
The 23rd Beijing Forum opens
BREAKING·

The 23rd Beijing Forum opens

The 23rd Beijing Forum opened in Beijing on November 6, with the theme of "Technological Change and Diversified Civilizations". Nearly 400 guests and scholars from 29 countries and regions participated. The forum launched the Asian Artificial Intelligence Network Initiative, which will include 10 sub-forums, 2 special forums and 3 overseas forums to discuss issues such as mutual learning among civilizations and technology for good.

中国新闻网
2 min read
Could King Charles III of England visit China? Royal aide: Will consider carefully
Developing·

Could King Charles III of England visit China? Royal aide: Will consider carefully

King Charles III of the United Kingdom does not rule out visiting China. If he does, he will become the first British monarch to visit China in 40 years. Royal aides said they would consider it carefully if invited by the government. Relations between Britain and China have been tense in recent years, and the Prime Minister is pushing for a warmer relationship. Charles' recent trip to the Caribbean highlighted his role in dealing with sensitive issues.

中央社
2 min read
German youth demonstrations reflect anxiety about the future. Scholars: Pessimism fuels political polarization
Developing·

German youth demonstrations reflect anxiety about the future. Scholars: Pessimism fuels political polarization

Youth demonstrations broke out in 34 cities in Germany on October 31 to protest against insufficient educational resources, high living costs, military conscription policies and inadequate climate protection. Sociologist Stephan Mao pointed out that German society is shifting from belief that life will get better to widespread concern about the country's continued decline, and the far-right Alternative for Africa party may benefit from this.

中央社
4 min read
The 24-year-old suspect in the Polish shooting was suspected of being obsessed with far-right ideologies. Three more bodies were found in his home, which may be close relatives.
BREAKING·

The 24-year-old suspect in the Polish shooting was suspected of being obsessed with far-right ideologies. Three more bodies were found in his home, which may be close relatives.

A shooting occurred in the historic center of Krakow, Poland, killing six people and injuring at least 15 others. The 24-year-old Polish suspect opened fire randomly in the Central Market Square, and the police found the bodies of three close relatives in his residence. Prime Minister Tusk defined this as an act of terrorism and declared two days of mourning.

中央社
2 min read
More on this topic同文市集