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Back希特勒「鷹巢」遭燒成廢墟!德國掀納粹遺址存廢論戰
希特勒「鷹巢」遭燒成廢墟!德國掀納粹遺址存廢論戰
World
自由时报1 hour agoWorld2 min readChinaView translation

希特勒「鷹巢」遭燒成廢墟!德國掀納粹遺址存廢論戰

位於貝希特斯加登的「鷹巢」遭縱火後,德國國內對於是否重建該納粹時期建築產生嚴重分歧

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納粹德國時期建築「鷹巢」於10月23日遭縱火焚毀,嫌犯已被捕。此事件在德國引發關於該遺址應拆除以恢復自然,還是重建以防其成為新納粹「聖地」的激烈辯論。

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Why It Matters

鷹巢建於1938年,原為希特勒50歲生日禮物,二戰後被列為納粹時期歷史紀念物。

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納粹德國時期供元首阿道夫·希特勒(Adolf Hitler)及高層使用的著名歷史建築「鷹巢」(Kehlsteinhaus),上月疑遭縱火焚毀後在德國國內引發一場關於如何面對納粹歷史記憶的激烈論爭。

據《BBC》報導,鷹巢位於巴伐利亞邦貝希特斯加登(Berchtesgaden),建於1938年,原是希特勒50歲生日禮物,用於接待重要賓客。二戰後被列為銘記納粹時期的歷史紀念物,戰後長年由邦政府營運為餐廳與觀光勝地。上月(10月)23日遭縱火焚毀,警方隨後逮捕一名33歲涉嫌縱火的男子,並將其送往精神醫療機構。

針對遺跡的未來,部分歷史學家主張應放棄重建。劍橋大學納粹歷史學者伊凡斯(Richard J. Evans)指出,該建築本為納粹展示虛榮的產物,應清理拆除並讓該山區恢復自然原貌,如同當年柏林希特勒地堡填平後改建為兒童遊樂場的作法。

然而,巴伐利亞邦政府官員與在地紀念館則持相反立場。邦內政部長赫曼(Joachim Herrmann)與文化部長布魯默(Markus Blume)均支持重建,認為留存廢墟恐成為新納粹主義者的「聖地」。

上薩爾茨堡文獻中心主任凱勒(Sven Keller)亦警告,完全拆除無法從人們心中抹去歷史地標,反而可能吸引極右翼份子聚集;慕尼黑大學學者海內曼(Isabel Heinemann)則建議以現代設計局部修復,呈現不同歷史層次,避免完整重現具備高度意識形態的建築結構。

Open Questions

  • 嫌犯的具體犯案動機為何?
  • 巴伐利亞邦政府最終將採取何種修復或處置方案?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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