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中國在太平洋島國的外交策略:吉里巴斯修憲封殺台灣
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自由时报7 minutes agoPolitics4 min readChina

中國在太平洋島國的外交策略:吉里巴斯修憲封殺台灣

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吉里巴斯政府正推動修憲,旨在永久排除與台灣建交的可能性。此舉被視為中國在太平洋地區打壓台灣外交空間的新策略,透過法律手段固化外交承認,防止政權更迭導致外交轉向。

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Why It Matters

吉里巴斯曾多次在台灣與中國之間轉換外交承認,最近一次於2019年與台灣斷交並與中國建交。現任總統Taneti Maamau為親中派,正推動修憲以排除與非聯合國成員國建立外交關係的可能性。

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由於帛琉總統惠恕仁(Surangel Whipps)的支持,台灣得以派出外交部長林佳龍出席「太平洋島國論壇」峰會,與各國元首政要交流,今年的峰會已經結束,是時候揭露中國在太平洋島國的策略了。

眾所周知,中國本次做了以下四件事情,企圖打壓台灣:

◆多次要求帛琉總統惠恕仁(Surangel Whipps)封殺台灣遭拒。

◆將帛琉列為不安全旅遊國家,要中國人停止前往帛琉旅遊,以此報復邀請台灣。

◆威脅各國不得支持台灣,否則將有後果;同時威脅台灣前來參加峰會,將會報復台灣。

◆派出不明人士到「台灣之夜」現場,企圖拍照及威脅外國賓客不得與台灣往來。

除此之外,今年峰會還發生幾件重大事件,被懷疑是中國在背後分化太平洋島國,因為事情不少,我將分兩次貼出。

■吉里巴斯正在修憲封殺台灣

太平洋島國吉里巴斯為了鞏固對中國的外交承認,正考慮修改憲法,永久排除台灣。

吉里巴斯曾經三次在承認中國和承認台灣之間轉換外交,最近一次是在2019年,吉里巴斯與中華民國斷交,轉而與中華人民共和國建交。

自那時起,吉里巴斯總統Taneti Maamau就成為中國最堅定的外交盟友之一。

中國並不滿足於此,正設法要吉里巴斯修改憲法,以便一勞永逸,從根本上剷除未來即使選出親台總統,再轉而與台灣建交的可能性。

根據澳洲《ABC新聞》的報導,吉里巴斯議會即將就一項法案進行投票,該法案雖然並未明確提及台灣與中國,但事實效果是針對台灣而來。

該法案寫道:「由於我們摯愛的陽光家園吉里巴斯是聯合國獨立成員國,我們的外交關係將只與已經獨立並被承認為聯合國成員國或常駐觀察員的國家建立。」此舉等於排除與不受聯合國承認的台灣,有建立任何外交關係的可能。

該法案的解釋性備忘錄還指出,憲法修改將「使我們的外交關係與我們摯愛的陽光家園吉里巴斯的傳統文化、信仰和習俗相協調」。

它沒有詳細解釋文化親緣關係,但表示與非聯合國成員國建立外交關係「令人尷尬,而且很像損害我們BSHK(Beloved Sunny Home Kiribati, BSHK)的聲譽」。該法案甚至將其比作不合格的婚姻,稱在吉里巴斯,男孩的父母在尋找合適的伴侶時,會尋找「各方面都很完美的傑出女孩」。

親中的總統Taneti Maamau已經公開表示支持該法案。

此舉展現出中國外交戰略的新方向,為了避免某些國家在政權更換之後,外交承認也隨之改變,中國正企圖透過修憲或是修法來一勞永逸地封殺台灣。若修憲通過,不僅是外交關係,將給予中國在任何場合要求吉爾巴斯封殺台灣的機會。

不過澳洲國立大學的Graeme Smith表示:「吉里巴斯曾三次在台灣和中國之間轉換,第一次是與中國結盟(1980年),然後是與台灣結盟(2003年),最後又回到中國(2019年),這一紀錄只有諾魯打破,諾魯曾轉換過四次」。

他說:「吉里巴斯經常朝令夕改,這在一定程度上促成了這份奇怪的文件,因為它需要彌補這種朝令夕改的局面。但是如果政府更迭,吉里巴斯很可能會再次朝令夕改。」

這項法案已經在國會表決通過,但是必須在返回議會後進行二讀表決。

雖然親中總統Taneti Maamau在國會中擁有絕對多數席位,但該法案在4月提交給議會時,未能獲得所需的三分之二多數票。因此最後是否能順利修憲,仍在未定之天,但它的確代表了中國對付台灣的外交新策略。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 吉里巴斯議會將對修憲案進行二讀表決。

    Likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 吉里巴斯修憲案最終能否獲得三分之二多數通過?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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