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Back通用原子公開新型「野火」無人機 可掛載重武裝單價目標1000萬美元
通用原子公開新型「野火」無人機 可掛載重武裝單價目標1000萬美元
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自由时报15 minutes agoDefense2 min readChinaView translation

通用原子公開新型「野火」無人機 可掛載重武裝單價目標1000萬美元

Quick Look

美國通用原子航空系統公司首度公開新型「野火」無人機影片與示意圖,該機採後推式螺旋槳設計,可掛載4枚聯合打擊飛彈或2枚遠程反艦飛彈,單價目標壓低至1000萬美元,旨在參與美國空軍大量模組化航空器計畫,未來構想數十架聯網協同作戰。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美軍MQ-9A「死神」無人機近年接連蒙受戰損,迫使美國空軍加速尋找接班人。

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研製MQ-9的美國通用原子航空系統公司(GA-ASI)近日首度公開全新「野火」無人機影片與示意圖。(取自通用原子航空系統公司Linkedin)

〔記者涂鉅旻/綜合報導〕美軍MQ-9A「死神」無人機近年接連蒙受戰損,迫使美國空軍加速尋找接班人。研製MQ-9的美國通用原子航空系統公司(GA-ASI)近日首度公開全新「野火」無人機,不僅可掛載2枚AGM-158C遠程反艦飛彈」,或4枚聯合打擊飛彈,美國空軍更希望將新機單價壓低至1000萬美元(約新台幣3億1490萬元),大幅降低無人機戰損帶來的成本壓力。

綜合多家外國軍聞網站報導,「野火」(Wildfire)是通用原子角逐美國空軍「大量模組化航空器」(Massed Modular Aircraft,MMA)計畫提出的新設計。從首度公開的模擬圖可見,新機仍採MQ-9家族熟悉的後推式螺旋槳構型,機鼻下方設有感測器轉塔,但取消MQ-9前段機身上方醒目的衛星通訊設備隆起結構。

通用原子表示,「野火」無人機將導入分散式低地球軌道衛星通訊技術,並結合人工智慧、自主化及機器學習成果。未來不只能讓單機執行長時間情監偵及打擊任務,更構想將數十架「野火」無人機彼此聯網,形成具有規模的協同作戰戰力。

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可搭載重武裝更是「野火」無人機一大賣點,通用原子表示,新機可一次攜帶4枚具反艦、陸攻能力的聯合打擊飛彈,另外也可掛載2枚遠程反艦飛彈,數量是美國國防創新單位(DIU)需求的兩倍。通用原子形容,如果要打造一架「飛行武器卡車」,就應該真正「給它長出牙齒」。

由於遠程反艦飛彈具長程防區外反艦打擊能力,也意味「野火」無人機即使不具匿蹤性能,仍可在敵方高威脅防空區域外發動攻擊,相較過去MQ-9常見的短程精準武器,生存性及對大型水面艦的威脅均可望提升。

MQ-9無人機在中東的戰損相當高。(法新社檔案照)

美國空軍今年7月正式啟動MMA計畫,要求新型無人機真空速至少200節(時速約370公里)、武器與感測器酬載至少2800磅(約1270公斤),攜帶酬載且未經空中加油時,作戰半徑至少2300海里(約4260公里),並具備至少8000海里(約1萬4816公里)的單程自力部署能力,也須能使用長度不超過6000英尺(約1829公尺)的跑道。

通用原子宣稱,「野火」無人機有能力比原訂時程更早交機,美國空軍原先規劃2031年取得20架MMA並達成初始作戰能力,目前希望再將時程提前約2年,最終採購規模則上看180架。此外,美國空軍設定MMA單價目標約1000萬美元(約新台幣3億1490萬元),不含感測器及部分其他系統;相較之下,目前一架完整配備的MQ-9成本估計約3000萬美元(約新台幣9億4470萬元)至5000萬美元(約新台幣15億7450萬元)。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美國空軍將在2029年前取得首批「野火」無人機並達成初始作戰能力

    Likely · Within years

Open Questions

  • 「野火」無人機的實際測試時間表是什麼?
  • 美國空軍最終會採購多少架「野火」無人機?
  • 分散式低地球軌道衛星通訊技術在該機上的具體應用方式為何?

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