
德国之声摘编:中国强化国防动员法律框架,许成钢分析内需恶化与AI投资矛盾,以及M Lin小说集对当代中国女性生活的记录。
本文综述了中国新修订《国防动员法》的战略意涵,许成钢对中国经济内需恶化与AI投资错配的分析,以及对M Lin小说集《记忆博物馆》的评论,探讨了当代中国政治、经济与社会变迁。
AI-generated summary
中国全国人大通过新修订的《国防动员法》,明确定义国防动员并强调平时与战时的快速转换。
(德国之声中文网)中国全国人大通过新修订的《国防动员法》,将于10月1日起施行。台湾网络媒体《新头壳》(Newtalk)刊出《中国强化国防动员 背后是无法承担失败》。作者洪浦钊是大学专任教师、东海大学中国大陆暨区域发展研究中心副执行长。文章指出,这次修法呈现的是总动员概念:新法首次明确定义国防动员,强调平时战时快速转换,要把经济和社会实力转化为国防实力,军队、产业、人力与社会资源都被纳入战争准备。作者提醒,新法增加了"发展利益"一项——未来中国若认定国家发展受到威胁,也可以成为启动国防动员的法律理由。
洪浦钊认为,中共长期把民族复兴、领土完整与国家统一放在政治正当性的核心位置,一旦投入大规模军事力量却遭失败,将冲击其长期建立的强国叙事与统治权威,严重时甚至危及政权存续;战事若陷入长期消耗,伤亡、经济损失与社会压力都会转化为统治压力。因此,强化国防动员有避免战场失利演变成国内政治危机的考量。
洪浦钊建议,台湾应由国安体系建立跨部会的国防动员指标,把中国军工生产、战略物资、交通物流及地方动员的平时状况纳入长期监测,掌握异常变化。他的理由是,一场大规模对台侵略战争需要整个国家提前准备,总动员必然会留下迹象;提早掌握中国进入平战转换的征兆,能为台湾争取更多应变时间。
"不惜代价"投AI,中国内需恶化
时事节目“不明白播客”播出《许成钢:AI竞赛会把通缩中的中国经济带向何方?》。斯坦福大学中国经济与制度研究中心高级研究员许成钢2023年曾在该播客判断中国已陷入流动性陷阱,三年后他表示,情况不但没有走出来,最近还在迅速恶化。
许成钢引述国家统计局数据说明恶化的程度:今年前七个月全国固定资产投资同比下降6.7%,"坏到了跟1989年差不多",而去年全年已经下降3.8%;企业的应收账款——就是三角债——同比增加8.1%,其中约一半是地方政府欠企业的钱。居民端同样急转,一到七月国内汽车销量同比下降超过20%,住宅销售在连跌三四年之后再降近14%,购房贷款下降近25%;今年五月社会零售总额甚至出现负增长,他说这是1989年那次危机之后、除疫情外从未出现过的。
在整体投资下降的同时,高技术产业投资却增长5%,其中信息服务业投资增长19.2%。许成钢认为这看似矛盾其实不矛盾:地方政府没有钱,于是把所剩不多的钱拼命投到半导体和AI上,因为这是中央的战略部署。他反复使用"机会成本"这个概念——市场经济国家面对内需严重不足时会用财政政策刺激消费、投向就业密集的领域形成正循环,而中国政府把财政支出投到了需要更少劳动力的方向。他指出,在广义失业率已超过10%、年轻人接近甚至超过20%的情况下,"你越发展,失业问题越大"。
一本关于"我们"的书
美国网络时事杂志"中参馆"(ChinaFile)发表书评《读到我自己的人生》,作者Shen Lu是有十余年中国报道经验的记者。她评论的是纽约华人作家M Lin的英文小说集《记忆博物馆》,九个短篇写的是1990年代末、2000年代初成年的中国城市女性。
Shen Lu说,这样一本关于"我们"的书,她此前无论中英文都没有读过,而它在中国不可能通过审查。她认为,英语世界既有的中国题材文学多设定在西方更熟悉的年代,比如文革;而这本书写的是过去几年——政治与社会剧变、中间夹着一场把生活切成前后两半的疫情。其中一篇写上海封城拖垮一对留美归国夫妻的婚姻,两人为网络审查、香港抗议、一名女脱口秀演员遭围攻、大厂算法压榨劳工而争吵不休。
谈到外界如何想象威权国家里的生活,M Lin说,他们以为我们很惨,但我们也在过自己的日子;两者都可以是真的,就像世界各地的女性一样,我们也在考虑要不要当母亲。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
中国将于10月1日起施行新修订的《国防动员法》。
Very likely · Within months

The Hallelujah Family Church, known as the "Star Church", called Chinese President Xi Jinping "Xi Dada" in its 1736th weekly report and praised his concept of "the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." The church has been going to China for missionary work for a long time and has taken "missionary work for China and China for missionary work" as its core goal, which has triggered doubts from the outside world that its religious activities involve the CCP's political propaganda.

The "Taiwan Good Life" Miaoli Symposium was held in Yuanli. Executive Yuan Secretary-General Zhang Dunhan and Transportation Minister Chen Shikai attended to support Miaoli County Magistrate candidate Chen Pin'an. The central government promised to continue to invest in Miaoli's transportation and medical construction, and Chen Pin'an proposed the "Happy Miaoli 345 Policy" to cope with the challenges of aging and low birthrate.

U.S. special envoys Weikov and Kushner arrived in Kiev after concluding their trip to Moscow and met with Ukrainian President Zelensky to discuss the Russia-Ukraine war peace process. The two had previously held a three-hour meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin, but no breakthrough had been made yet.

The number of seats to be elected in Tainan City Council’s first district has been reduced to 5, creating an 8-for-5 situation. Chen Tingfei of the Democratic Progressive Party has exerted a hen effect, and the election of the current congressman is relatively stable. The Kuomintang’s Tsai Yu-hui adopts a strategic blue-white cooperation to support the People’s Party Chen Shiwei’s pursuit of women’s guarantee quotas. The focus of the election campaign is on the actual vote transfer effect of the incumbent advantage and the blue-white cooperation.

There are four candidates in the Yunlin County Magistrate election. The Democratic Progressive Party Liu Jianguo and the Kuomintang Zhangjia County are in a stalemate. Liu Jianguo is committed to the integration of mountains and seas to break through the difficulties of the previous term, while Zhangjiajun needs to continue Zhang Lishan's reputation as a governer and get rid of family burdens. Winning the support of middle voters becomes the key to victory or defeat.

U.S. envoys Kushner and Witkov met with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow to discuss plans to end the war in Ukraine. The Kremlin announced that the Russian military would suspend air strikes on Kiev for three days, and Ukrainian President Zelensky also promised to cooperate with negotiations to suspend air strikes.