中共中央、国务院正式印发《关于发展新质生产力的意见》,为未来数年的产业方向和资本市场定下总基调。
中共中央、国务院印发《关于发展新质生产力的意见》,将产业分为存量升级、新兴扩容、未来前瞻三个梯队,并释放人工智能+、民企牵头国家项目及遏制内卷式竞争等重要政策信号。
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中共中央、国务院正式印发《关于发展新质生产力的意见》,为未来产业方向和资本市场定下总基调。
晶采观察丨新质生产力顶层设计出炉 释放多重产业信号
近日,中共中央、国务院正式印发《关于发展新质生产力的意见》(以下简称《意见》,这是高规格顶层设计,可以说,为未来数年的产业方向和资本市场定下总基调。
就资金流向而言,《意见》把产业分为三个梯队。
其一是存量产业升级。借助数字智能和绿色低碳技术,矿业、冶金、化工、机械、纺织等传统行业加快更新。新质生产力并非新兴产业的专属产物,存量行业通过效率重塑同样可以催生新质生产力。因此,传统产业的数智化、绿色化转型,仍是一条可长期跟踪的投资线索。
其二是新兴领域扩容。《意见》点名新一代信息技术、新能源、新材料、智能网联新能源汽车、机器人、生物医药、高端装备、航空航天八个方向。这些赛道技术路径相对明确,关键在于上规模、接市场、做商业化,盈利兑现的支撑较强,排序也更靠前。
其三是前瞻布局未来产业。量子科技、生物制造、氢能和核聚变能、脑机接口、具身智能、6G等均在其中。《意见》专门提出建立未来产业投入增长和风险分担机制,引导社会资本持续加大投入。总体而言,短期关注新兴产业,长期布局未来产业,传统产业则侧重改造升级。
除投资方向外,《意见》有几处表述释放出较强信号。
首先,“人工智能+”行动被整体推进,相关内容独立成节,说明其定位正从辅助工具转向底层能力,算力设施与人工智能应用场景值得重点关注;此外,企业研发项目若符合国家战略需求,可按程序转为国家项目。这一安排分量不轻,意味着有实力的民营企业有望牵头国家重大技术攻关,在所有制界限上出现实质性突破。值得一提的是,避免“内卷式”竞争。这一表述首次出现在该级别顶层文件中,政策意在遏制各地盲目跟风、重复建设引发的价格战,资源将持续向掌握核心技术的头部企业集聚。最后,以全要素生产率明显提高作为核心尺度。这实际上给出了整份《意见》的衡量标准:判断新旧不看产业标签,而看效率高低,资源应流向更高效的环节。这也说明,传统产业只要完成效率跃迁,同样属于新质生产力。
综合看,其意义不在于短期政策刺激,而在于中长期制度框架的铺设。框架已经立起,接下来取决于哪些主体能够抓住窗口、率先跑出。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
相关部委及地方将陆续出台新质生产力配套落实政策
Very likely · Within months

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