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Back智能经济成为抢占未来发展主动权的战略变量
智能经济成为抢占未来发展主动权的战略变量
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中国新闻网2 hours agoTech4 min readChinaView translation

智能经济成为抢占未来发展主动权的战略变量

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文章指出,人工智能正以前所未有的速度影响经济社会发展,推动从“技术变量”转化为“经济增量”。发展智能经济是抢占全球人工智能制高点、推动高质量发展的迫切需要。我国智能经济规模快速扩大,质量显著跃升,结构持续优化,智能产业化和产业智�化协同推进。到“十五五”末,人工智能相关产业规模有望达10万亿元以上,智能经济将成为重要增长极。

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Why It Matters

全球人工智能竞争进入白热化阶段,主要经济体加大技术研发和资本投入。中国经济长期向好但面临转型挑战,亟需新动能。

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一款国产大模型发布,全球开发者竞相使用;城市道路上,智能汽车驰骋向前;智能车间里,机械臂上下翻飞;矿山深处,无人矿卡往来穿梭……人工智能正以前所未有的速度广度深度影响经济社会发展,加速从“技术变量”转化为“经济增量”。围绕智能的生产、流通、应用等形成的一系列经济活动,正加速塑造以人工智能为核心驱动力的智能经济新形态。

智能经济是抢抓未来发展主动权的战略变量

从全球竞争看,发展智能经济是抢占全球人工智能发展制高点的迫切需要。“察势者智,驭势者赢。”纵观世界近现代史,历次产业革命都会孕育新的经济形态,深刻影响大国兴衰。当前,人工智能技术加速迭代,深刻影响国际力量调整,主要经济体密集作出战略部署,加大技术研发和资本投入力度,人工智能全球竞争已进入白热化阶段。谁率先培育起代表未来方向的智能经济新形态,谁就能在激烈竞争中掌握更多战略主动。

从国内实践看,发展智能经济是推动高质量发展的迫切需要。转向高质量发展阶段,中国经济长期向好的支撑条件和基本趋势没有变,同时面临经济转型、人口结构变化、就业压力加大等多重挑战,传统发展模式的边际效益在持续递减,迫切需要把握人工智能发展带来的历史性机遇。智能经济以数据、算力、算法的组合优化提升全要素生产率,深刻变革要素配置方式,不仅可以助力传统产业改造升级、提质增效,还可以开辟产业发展新赛道。发展智能经济,既是应对当下挑战的“制胜招”,更是塑造长远优势的“先手棋”。

智能经济正成为全方位重塑发展新优势的重要引擎

近年来,我国智能经济规模快速扩大,质量显著跃升,结构持续优化。智能经济一头连着智能产业化,通过人工智能技术供给与产业转化,形成不断壮大的人工智能核心产业;一头连着产业智能化,通过“人工智能+”的应用落地,赋能实体经济转型升级。

智能产业化筑牢新兴产业行稳致远的技术底座。智能经济是大厦,算法、算力、数据、能源等就是地基,人工智能的地基打得牢,才能保障智能经济大厦巍然屹立。国内大模型技术和产品“你追我赶”,自主研发的基础模型处于全球前列,引领全球人工智能开源生态建设,国产开源模型下载量全球第一;我国智算总规模位居全球第二,万卡级智算集群加速规模化落地;数据资源体系持续完善,已建成12万个高质量数据集;能源基础设施供给充分,发电量占全球总量的1/3,构建起全球最大、发展最快的可再生能源体系,算电协同深入推进,源源不断的绿电成为我国人工智能发展的重要优势。人工智能产业规模连续多年保持20%以上高速增长,形成覆盖要素基础层、技术模型层、行业应用层的完整产业体系。

产业智能化重塑传统产业体系完整的竞争优势。智能经济的价值,不止于“立新”,更在于“改旧”。人工智能在互联网等领域率先普及的同时,正加速全面融入传统产业重要生产场景。智能化改造让大批“沉睡”的产能具备了大规模、高效率承接海外定制化需求的能力;人工智能将电网调度由小时级缩短至分钟级,助力解决新能源大规模并网后的消纳难题;“无人码头”让万吨巨轮靠岸即作业、货物到港即流转,把“中国效率”刻进全球航运关键枢纽。赋能成效既得益于新技术的可及性和可负担性,也得益于应用场景的反哺效应。一方面,智能产品和服务以普惠易得的方式加快下沉,让行业不分新旧、企业不分大小,都在“用得上、用得起、用得好”中享受人工智能发展的红利;另一方面,广泛深度赋能应用正带动人工智能等关键核心技术持续突破,形成以创新带应用、以应用促创新的良性循环。

我国智能经济发展潜力巨大

技术演进历史显示,每一次技术能力跃迁都将打开新的增量空间。

从智能产业化潜力看,智能体从“生成内容”加快迈向“执行任务”,人形机器人从“会跳舞”加快迈向“会干活”。中国经济庞大的市场需求与丰富的应用场景、强大的生产能力、多元的商业模式结合起来,将催生更多产业应用、培育更多世界一流企业,到“十五五”末人工智能相关产业规模有望达10万亿元以上。

从产业智能化潜力看,智能化升级蕴含数倍增长空间。我国制造业总体规模连续16年保持全球第一,制造业人工智能应用普及率每提升一个百分点,就意味着数千家规模以上企业迈入智能化行列,智能汽车、智能家居等将释放新增长空间。根据国务院《关于深入实施“人工智能+”行动的意见》,到2030年,我国人工智能全面赋能高质量发展,新一代智能终端、智能体等应用普及率超90%,智能经济成为我国经济发展的重要增长极。

“十五五”时期发展智能经济需把握好重点方向

“十五五”规划纲要部署全面实施“人工智能+”行动,要求“抢占人工智能产业应用制高点,全方位赋能千行百业”。“十五五”时期,发展智能经济,应坚持点、线、面结合,一体强化技术、要素、场景建设,持续做强做优做大智能经济。

点上精准发力,聚焦技术重点,发挥新型举国体制优势,攻坚关键核心技术。瞄准世界科技前沿强化系统布局,加快突破人工智能基础理论和核心技术,研制高性能人工智能芯片和高可用基础软件栈,加快模型基础架构探索创新,深化可解释、可决策等关键算法研究,推动产出更多标志性原创成果。聚焦重要战略领域和产业链供应链薄弱环节,采取超常规措施,全链条推动重点领域关键核心技术攻关取得决定性突破。

线上串联畅通,聚焦要素协同,建立健全与智能经济适配的要素体系。统筹推进算力设施建设、模型算法发展和高质量数据资源供给。加快国家枢纽算力设施集群建设,支持有条件地区根据低时延场景需求适度发展算力,加强高性能高质量智算资源供给。强化“模芯数云用”协同创新,鼓励多模态、智能体、具身智能、群体智能等技术创新,推动通用大模型和行业专用模型同步发展。构建国家数据资源体系,推动企业数据、行业数据开发开放,加快建设人工智能语料库,面向能源、交通、制造等领域建设高质量数据集。

面上落地应用,聚焦泛在场景,深化超大规ola市场优势推进场景赋能。围绕科学技术、产业发展、消费提质、民生福祉、治理能力、全球合作等领域,深化拓展“人工智能+”行动。建设国家人工智能应用中试基地,推进工业全要素智能化发展,加快农业数智化转型升级,创新服务业发展新模式,促进数字经济和实体经济深度融合。充分发挥数智技术和数据要素对丰富人民生活、改善民生福祉的作用,拓展教育、医疗、养老、文旅等领域融合应用。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 到‘十五五’末,人工智能相关产业规模将达10万亿元以上

    Likely · Within years

  • 到2030年,人工智能全面赋能高质量发展,新一代智能终端等应用普及率超90%

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • 具体政策措施如何落地以支持智能经济发展?
  • 各地区在智能经济布局中的协同机制是什么?
  • 人工智能发展可能带来的社会风险如何应对?

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