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Back突发性耳聋年轻化!专家提醒救治窗口期短,这些听力误区需警惕
突发性耳聋年轻化!专家提醒救治窗口期短,这些听力误区需警惕
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中国新闻网1 hour agoHealth2 min readChinaView translation

突发性耳聋年轻化!专家提醒救治窗口期短,这些听力误区需警惕

Quick Look

在第69个国际聋人日之际,专家指出我国约2.2亿人有听力损失,突发性耳聋呈年轻化趋势,20至35岁熬夜高压人群为高发人群,救治窗口期短,每拖延一天听力恢复概率明显降低,同时助听器佩戴存在误区,需定期调试,并警惕噪声透支耳朵安全收听时长。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

今天是第69个国际聋人日。据推算,我国约有2.2亿人患有听力损失,60岁以上人群听力损失现患率约为45%。

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今天是第69个国际聋人日。据推算,我国约有2.2亿人患有听力损失,60岁以上人群听力损失现患率约为45%。不少老人在听力刚出现减退时往往选择忍耐。很多老人从听不清慢慢变得不愿交流、回避社交。我们该怎样和听力减退的人群好好沟通?

首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳科主任 李永新:老人的听力在衰退,影响语言的能力,时间久了以后,情绪认知、大脑的认知能力下来了,情感中枢也变了,变得易怒、不自信、脆弱,甚至出现焦虑,有的出现抑郁,表现出来的脾气很暴躁,不愿意沟通。

专家介绍,听力干预并不是只买一台助听器那么简单,先做耳科与听力学评估,查明听力退化的原因;助听器、人工耳蜗、远程麦克风等方式都有不同的适应证,佩戴后要定期到医院进行调试,并不是一劳永逸。

首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院临床听力中心副主任技师 董瑞娟:一般的调试,初期试戴时要频繁一些,有一些细节掌握得不是那么好,也要做一些调试。要看哪些声音听得好,哪些声音听得不好,这样针对性进行调试和解决。试用期过后半年或一年,是常规复诊,这一点也很重要,随着年龄增长,听力有可能会变化,所以半年到一年进行一个调试。

助听器佩戴误区应留意

专家介绍,助听器佩戴存在不少误区。日常使用有哪些需要留意的地方?

·听力退化不严重还能听到就不需要佩戴助听器?

首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳科主任 李永新:我们双侧的耳朵听到信号传到中枢,中枢收到信号以后会给耳朵一些营养物质,神经营养因子,当信号传不上去,大脑不分泌这些营养物质,而耳朵收不到这些营养物质,它越来越差,是个恶性的循环。一旦拿助听器听到了,信号能传递上去,大脑再给你营养物质,是一个良性的循环。

·一个人在家或者不需要沟通的时候就可以不用佩戴助听器?

首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院临床听力中心副主任技师 董瑞娟:在安静的环境也要戴,这样就让各种声音都听到,要把声音传到大脑,大脑来决定这个声音重要不重要。对于老人来说这一点也很重要,尤其是自己在家,即使不沟通,所有这些声音是都要听的。

避免不断透支

耳朵的安全收听时长

地铁轰鸣、耳机追剧、健身房的动感音乐,各类噪声时刻环绕在我们身边。对不少年轻人而言,听力损伤往往不是突发巨响造成的,而是日复一日,不断透支耳朵的安全收听时长。该如何正确用耳护耳?

声音越大,安全暴露的时间就越短。声音强度每增加3分贝,建议暴露时间要减少一半。

80分贝每周不超过40小时;

85分贝每天不超过8小时;

90分贝每天不超过2.5小时;

100分贝每天不超过15分钟。

日常可记“两个信号”:在环境里必须提高嗓门才能对话,多半已在85分贝上下;摘下耳机后出现耳鸣、耳闷,就是耳朵“欠费提醒”。

突发性耳聋年轻化

救治窗口期很短

不少人一觉醒来,单侧耳朵发闷、听东西模糊,常会误以为是上火、疲劳或是耳屎堵塞,想着休息一下就能好转。专家提醒,这种突发听力下降很可能是突发性耳聋,也被称作“耳中风”,属于耳鼻喉科急症,发病急、损伤不可逆,如今年轻人发病也逐渐增多。该病救治窗口期很短,每拖延一天,听力恢复的概率就会明显降低。

临床数据显示,突聋患者年轻化趋势显著,20至35岁群体熬夜、高压工作、长期用耳机的中青年已经成为高发人群。

首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳科主任 李永新:长期高强度的集中精力工作,导致内耳的循环出现了问题,非常容易出现临时缺血,甚至临时的血栓形成,那就会出现突发性耳聋。

突发性耳聋指突然出现的感音神经性听力损失,大多为单侧耳朵发病,几分钟到数小时内听力骤降,发病十分隐匿、进展迅速。除了听力突然下降,突发性耳聋还有典型预警信号,比如单侧耳鸣、耳朵发闷发胀,部分人群还会伴随头晕、恶心等症状。

Open Questions

  • 突发性耳聋的确切发病机制尚不明确
  • 年轻人群中突发性耳聋的具体干预措施有哪些
  • 助听器长期使用的成本与可及性问题

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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