
DARPA尋找美國企業研發新技術,利用地球大氣層阻力或升力改變太空載具軌道以減少燃料消耗
美國國防高等研究計畫署(DARPA)正研發Anzio計畫,旨在讓太空載具利用地球大氣層阻力或升力來變換軌道,藉此減少燃料消耗並提高機動能力,預定12月中旬舉辦業者說明會。
AI-generated summary
衛星改變軌道通常需消耗推進劑,DARPA正研發利用大氣層阻力與升力的新技術。
美國太空軍無人太空飛機X-37B於2019年10月27日降落佛羅里達州甘迺迪太空中心。(圖取自美國太空軍)
衛星在太空中改變軌道,通常得消耗推進劑。美國國防高等研究計畫署(DARPA)正研發一項新技術,希望讓太空載具利用地球大氣層變換軌道,減少燃料消耗,並提高在軌機動能力。
軍事網站《Defence Blog》報導,DARPA於11月9日公布Anzio計畫,預定12月16日至17日在維吉尼亞州舉辦業者說明會,尋找有意參與研發的美國企業。計畫目標是讓太空載具利用大氣層的阻力或升力,完成快速且精確的軌道轉移。
一般衛星要改變軌道,必須消耗推進劑;若能利用高層大氣協助減速或改變飛行方向,就有機會減少燃料需求。傳統氣動減速通常需要多次掠過稀薄大氣層,逐步降低軌道;另一種氣動捕獲技術,則透過一次較深入的大氣層通過降低速度。
這項技術的關鍵,是讓太空載具進入地球高層大氣,利用空氣阻力或升力協助改變飛行路徑,而不是完全仰賴自身推進系統。傳統氣動減速是讓太空載具多次掠過稀薄大氣層,逐步降低軌道;另一種氣動捕獲(Aerocapture)技術,則是透過一次較深入的大氣層通過,降低速度進入軌道。另一種方式是利用大氣中的升力改變軌道傾角。
X-37B曾利用大氣阻力變軌
美國太空軍無人太空飛機X-37B已測試過類似技術。這架太空飛機在第7次任務中,多次利用大氣阻力調整軌道,2025年3月7日返回加州范登堡太空軍基地,結束超過434天的太空任務。
不過,X-37B是具備機翼、能承受再入大氣層高溫的太空飛機。DARPA這次將耐熱防護、控制系統、大氣感測及輕量化氣動外殼列為研發重點,希望發展可供其他太空載具運用的技術。
DARPA列出的四項研發方向,包括耐熱防護系統、控制系統與演算法、大氣感測,以及輕量化氣動外殼;通訊、電力管理、太空載具平台、酬載、推進系統及既有軌道轉移載具則不在計畫範圍內。
DARPA目前未公布未來適用哪些衛星、計畫預算、執行時程及得標廠商,正式徵案文件草案最快將於12月9日公布。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
DARPA將於12月16日至17日在維吉尼亞州舉辦業者說明會
Very likely · Within weeks
正式徵案文件草案最快將於12月9日公布
Likely · Within weeks

Tainan City will fully launch a new version of the "Tainan Good Stop" APP on November 16, adding multiple payments and automatic payment such as LINE Pay. 100% of the city's 15,000 roadside parking spaces have been introduced with IoT devices to improve parking and payment convenience.

The State Administration for Market Regulation and the National Standards Committee recently approved the release of the mandatory national standard "Satellite Navigation and Positioning Base Station Network Security Requirements", which clarifies safety technical requirements from the entire chain of facilities, data, and services to ensure the security of national space-time benchmarks and surveying and mapping geographical information.

The State Administration for Market Regulation of China announced on the 10th that the international standard for raster scanning laser displays, which was developed by China and jointly with experts from many countries, was officially released by the International Electrotechnical Commission to provide technical support for related product development and quality evaluation.

Intel today announced a new generation of processor architecture, introducing the 18A process into the mainstream PC processor Wildcat Lake for the first time, and working with TSMC's 6nm process to produce I/O chips. Through chip area reduction and packaging simplification, it reduces costs and seizes mainstream notebook and edge computing business opportunities.

The 2026 China International Urban Rail Transit Exhibition was held in Guangzhou on the 10th. The exhibition focused on AI applications, signaling systems and the open source Hongmeng digital base. A number of smart rail transit "black technologies" were unveiled to promote the urban rail industry's transformation towards refined operations, cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

Anthropic released the high-end AI model Claude Fable 5.2 and professional institution-specific Claude Mythos 5.2 on Monday. Fable 5.2 scored 65 points in Artificial Analysis and topped the comprehensive rankings. The API price is 20% cheaper than the previous generation, and it demonstrates its independent execution capabilities in program development and scientific research.