
スイス・チューリヒで行われたイグ・ノーベル賞授賞式で、旭川医科大の故・海野徳二名誉教授が鼻のかみ方の研究で医学賞を受賞。日本人受賞は20年連続。論文は1977年に発表され、ほぼ半世紀ぶりに発掘された。
AI-generated summary
イグ・ノーベル賞は独創的でユーモラスな研究を表彰する賞で、海野徳二名誉教授は1977年に鼻のかみ方の論文を共著で発表していた。
【チューリヒ(スイス)時事】独創的でユーモラスな研究を表彰する「イグ・ノーベル賞」の授賞式が3日、スイス北部チューリヒで行われ、正しいはなのかみ方を考察した旭川医科大(北海道旭川市)の故・海野徳二名誉教授が医学賞に輝いた。日本人の受賞は20連続。式典には同大の高原幹教授(56)が代理で出席した。
【写真特集】輝け!イグ・ノーベル賞
海野さんは「上手にはなをかむとはどういうことか」と疑問を持ち、14~48歳の15人を対象に鼻息の速度や量、耳にかかる負担を空気力学的に測定・分析。適度に息を吸い、左右片側ずつ勢いよく時間をかけてかむのが鼻水を排出する上で効果が高く、強くかんでも中耳炎になるわけではないと論文で結論付けた。
海野さんは東京都出身で、2022年に89歳で亡くなった。論文は1977年に共著で発表したもので、ほぼ半世紀ぶりにイグ・ノーベル賞事務局が「発掘」した。
かつて海野さんの指導を受けた高原さんは「海野先生は当たり前のことに真摯(しんし)に向き合い、科学的解明に取り組んだ」と回想。論文は「ユニークで先駆的」というだけでなく「学問に向かう先生の姿勢を物語っている」と話した。
このほか、卵でなく幼虫を産む珍しい胎生のゴキブリを調べ、メスの子宮で分泌される液体の結晶に牛乳の3倍の栄養があることを発見した日米、フランス、インドの国際チームに化学賞が授与された。

Hideki Shirakawa, professor emeritus at the University of Tsukuba who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000 for the development of electrically conductive plastic, died on August 24th at a hospital in Yokohama due to metastatic liver tumor and cancer of unknown primary origin. He was 90 years old. He was from Tokyo, and his funeral was attended only by his close relatives.
Researchers affiliated with French university hospitals examined the impact of the fictitious disease name ``neurocademia'' presented by LLM on doctors' diagnoses. They tested 41 doctors, and 44% included the fictitious disease name in their differential diagnosis list. Less experienced doctors were more likely to be fooled, and LLM support improved overall diagnostic accuracy from 52% to 61%, but the impact of misinformation depended on experience.
A preprint paper by Associate Professor Hayashi Watanabe of Seijo University suggests that the volume distribution of ancient tombs follows Zipf's law, just like the sales of modern companies. This suggests that even in ancient Japan, before the establishment of writing and a monetary economy, there was a structure in which resources were concentrated at higher levels. An even stronger concentration was observed in the Kinki region and the Sanyo region, including Kibi, and a pattern similar to that of regulated industries was confirmed.

On the 30th, NASA launched the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope from Florida, aiming to observe extrasolar planets and elucidate dark energy. JAXA will also cooperate in providing optical elements and receiving data.

A maximum seismic intensity of 7 was observed during the Kumamoto earthquake, with long-period ground motion shaking seismic isolation facilities in Yatsushiro City, and short-period shaking causing damage to wooden houses around Hikawa Town. Professor Yoshiki of Tokyo University of Science pointed out that damage caused by fault slippage was also confirmed, and that buildings with seismic isolation structures were able to continue operations. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism has set up a committee of experts and is considering countermeasures.

On the 28th, the Earthquake Research Committee of the government's Earthquake Research Promotion Headquarters released a long-term assessment of a total of 45 active faults in the Kinki region and 11 surrounding prefectures, estimating the probability of an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 or higher occurring within the next 30 years to be 50-60%. By region, 30% are in the northwestern Kinki region, 40-60% in the Kinki Triangle, and 7% in the Kii Peninsula. The maximum magnitude is expected to be around M8.1-8.3 due to simultaneous activity in three sections of the Yanagase-Sekigahara fault zone. Part of the Rokko-Awajishima fault zone was reevaluated and raised from A to S, while the Kamimachi fault zone was lowered from S to Z.