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Back美軍打造「即插即用」防空系統 飛彈、機砲自由換裝2029年底前部署
美軍打造「即插即用」防空系統 飛彈、機砲自由換裝2029年底前部署
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自由时报5 hours agoDefense3 min readChinaView translation

美軍打造「即插即用」防空系統 飛彈、機砲自由換裝2029年底前部署

M-SHORAD Increment 4 採棧板式設計,可快速安裝於輕型戰術車、無人地面載具或獨立部署,應對無人機蜂群威脅

Quick Look

美國陸軍正加速發展「機動短程防空系統第4階段」(M-SHORAD Increment 4),採棧板式模組化設計,可安裝於輕型戰術車、無人地面載具或獨立部署,整合雷達、飛彈及機砲,應對無人機蜂群及低成本攻擊無人機威脅,目標2029年底前完成首批營級單位裝備。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國陸軍先前的防空階段包括第一階段的史托特裝甲防空車、第二階段的反無人機微波或雷射武器,以及第三階段的次世代短程攔截彈。第4階段延續模組化防空發展,強調應對無人機蜂群與低成本攻擊無人機威脅。

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圖為通用動力的「機動短程防空系統第4階段」車載方案。車斗的棧板式行防空模組化設計,可直接搬運下來至其他平台。(圖取自@GD_LandSystems)

〔記者吳哲宇/綜合報導〕面對無人機蜂群及低成本攻擊無人機威脅,美國陸軍正加速發展新一代模組化防空系統。美軍近日公布「機動短程防空系統第4階段」(M-SHORAD Increment 4)最新規劃,將採用棧板式模組化設計,可快速安裝於輕型戰術車、無人地面載具,甚至卸載後獨立部署,並能依任務需求更換雷達、飛彈及機砲,目標2029年底前完成首批營級單位裝備。

軍事網站《The War Zone》報導,根據美國陸軍公布的產業簡報,第4階段系統主要用於攔截小型四軸無人機、伊朗「見證者-136」(Shahed-136)等長程單向攻擊無人機,以及直升機、固定翼飛機,並具備對地面目標直接射擊的能力,尤其強調應對多架無人機同時來襲的蜂群攻擊。

報導指出,先前第一階段的結果便是史托特裝甲防空車,二階段則是反無人機微波或雷射武器的應用,第三階段是次世代短程攔截彈。

新系統採用「自我裝卸裝備底座」(SLED)設計,不受特定車型限制,可搭載於聯合輕型戰術車輛(JLTV)、步兵班用車輛(ISV)及無人地面載具,不需要額外拖車,也能卸載部署於固定陣地。美軍要求系統可獨立運作72小時,在部隊支援下持續運作3至7天,並能由C-130運輸機空運、空投或吊掛部署。

值得注意的是,美軍要求第4階段整合多種動能及非動能反制手段,武器可包括30公厘機砲、「刺針」防空飛彈、AGM-114「地獄火」飛彈,以及70公厘APKWS II雷射導引火箭彈。

目前L3Harris、Leidos、Leonardo DRS及內華達山脈公司等多家軍工企業,均已展示相關系統。美軍希望透過開放式架構,讓操作人員能像更換模組一樣,將X波段雷達換成Ku波段雷達,或把「土狼」攔截彈發射器改成「刺針」飛彈發射器。

此外,新系統也將強調網路化作戰,整合雷達、聲學及光電感測器,並配合美軍正在發展的整合式戰鬥指揮系統(IBCS),讓分散部署的防空單位共享目標資訊,選擇最適合的武器攔截來襲威脅。

美軍規劃在2029年10月至12月,讓首個營級單位完成裝備,並以2030會計年度達成初始作戰能力為目標。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美國陸軍將在2029年10月至12月完成首個營級單位裝備,並以2030會計年度達成初始作戰能力。

    Likely · Within years

Open Questions

  • 首批營級單位的具體部署地點為何?
  • 各軍工企業的系統原型具體技術規格與成本是多少?
  • 開放式架構下的模組更換實際操作流程與時間為何?

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