
欧盟委员会研究设立专门机构处置俄被冻结的2100亿欧元资产,以支持乌克兰重建,但面临法律风险与俄方强硬反制。
欧盟委员会正研究设立“坏账银行”式机构,以处置俄罗斯被冻结的2100亿欧元资产并援助乌克兰。该方案旨在规避直接没收的法律风险,但因内部意见分歧及俄罗斯的强硬反制措施,目前仍面临巨大不确定性。
AI-generated summary
2022年2月俄发起特别军事行动后,西方冻结了大量俄罗斯海外资产。其中2100亿欧元俄央行资产存放于比利时的欧洲清算银行。
中新网北京10月13日电(安冉)近日,西班牙《国家报》援引欧盟消息人士的话说,欧盟委员会正在研究设立一家“坏账银行”式的专门机构,用于处置俄罗斯被冻结的2100亿欧元资产,为乌克兰筹钱。
“坏账银行”构想引争议
欧盟研究的这套新方案类似“坏账银行”,由专门机构接手俄罗斯被冻结资产。资产移交后,对应的资金就能投入乌克兰的重建项目中。英国《金融时报》此前援引布鲁塞尔一位高级官员的话说,需要把资产连同附着其上的全部法律风险,从欧洲清算银行剥离出去。
西班牙《国家报》援引消息人士的话说,欧盟的专家们把这套机制定性为资产的“临时使用”,而非“没收”;按照设想,俄乌冲突结束后,乌克兰在拿到补偿的前提下,要把这笔钱还给欧盟。即便如此,欧盟27国仍未就资金用途、若遭遇俄方索赔后的损失以及风险分摊达成共识。120多名支持援乌克兰的欧洲议会议员仍在施压,呼吁干脆把冻结的2100亿欧元资产直接“没收”。
2100欧元冻结资金怎么用
欧盟想要动用这笔资金,远非直接“没收”这么简单。2022年2月俄罗斯发起特别军事行动后,西方冻结的俄罗斯海外资产中,有2100亿欧元俄央行资产就存放于比利时的欧洲清算银行。这笔资金原本每半年需要欧盟全体成员国同意才能延续冻结,2025年底欧盟将冻结调整为无限期,才打开讨论动用资产的通道。
但欧盟内部的分歧依旧突出。在去年12月的布鲁塞尔峰会上,比利时、匈牙利相继表达担忧,担心法律风险与潜在财政成本。峰会暂时搁置直接动用冻结资产的想法,确定通过资本市场举债,在2026至2027年向乌克兰提供900亿欧元援助。不过援乌资金缺口持续存在,欧盟委员会也不会停止对俄冻结资产处置方案的研究。
俄罗斯强硬回击:对等反制
俄罗斯的回应同样强硬。俄方持续通过司法途径起诉欧洲清算银行。俄总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫称,处置俄国有主权资产本质是掠夺,欧盟内部的争议本身就印证方案不合理。
俄外长拉夫罗夫警告:若西方没收被冻结资产,俄方有权对等反制,保留扣留西方国家在俄境内资金的权利。普京则直言,扣押俄主权资产就是盗窃。俄方还强调,联大要求俄赔偿的决议不具法律约束力。
目前看来,欧盟想靠“坏账银行”托管这笔资金、集体分担风险,规避“没收”的法律定性,但现实远没有那么轻松。一边是乌克兰持续扩大的资金缺口,一边是国际法约束、跨国诉讼和俄罗斯的强硬反制。围绕这2100亿欧元的讨论尚未得到统一答案,因法律与地缘风险,这笔钱仍是一块烫手山芋。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
欧盟委员会将继续研究资产处置方案
Very likely · Within months
Zhao Leji, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, met with President Boko of Botswana and Faure, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Togo respectively in Beijing on October 13. The two sides reached consensus on strengthening bilateral relations, legislative exchanges and practical cooperation.

Turkish Creighton Airlines flight XR456 from Greece to Nuremberg, Germany, issued a hijacking alert, causing Germany to dispatch fighter jets and blockade the airport. It was later confirmed that the incident was caused by a failure of the radio communication system. Everyone on board was safe and the airport has returned to normal operations.

Russian Presidential Press Secretary Peskov said that "energy ceasefire" contacts are still ongoing. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said that although Ukraine complied with the ceasefire, the Russian army still launched large-scale air strikes on Ukrainian energy facilities, causing many casualties.
According to Japanese media polls, 80% of Japanese people oppose participating in the war for "Taiwan's troubles." Taiwanese scholars analyzed that the Japanese people support "non-war". In addition, relevant polls show that mainstream public opinion in Taiwan supports the expansion of cross-strait exchanges and tourism exchanges.

Hong Kong's Civil Aviation Accident Investigation Agency issued an interim statement on the cargo plane's runway deviation accident. In October 2025, a Boeing 747 cargo plane deviated from the runway at Hong Kong International Airport, killing two ground security personnel. The focus of the investigation is the abnormal movement of the thrust rod of the fourth engine, but no mechanical failure has been found so far.
China and Botswana issued a joint statement on October 13, 2026, announcing that they would upgrade their bilateral relations to a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. The two sides committed to deepen cooperation in the fields of political mutual trust, economic and trade cooperation, global development initiatives and global governance, and jointly defend multilateralism.