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Back記憶體太好擴廠太衝! 華邦電焦佑鈞:最怕不景氣太晚來
記憶體太好擴廠太衝! 華邦電焦佑鈞:最怕不景氣太晚來
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自由时报25 minutes agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

記憶體太好擴廠太衝! 華邦電焦佑鈞:最怕不景氣太晚來

焦佑鈞預估記憶體景氣循環可能延續至2028、2029年,但資金限制可能在2029年成為下降循環原因

Quick Look

華邦電董事長焦佑鈞坦言,受惠AI需求推升的記憶體景氣太好太久,業者可能不知道何時停止擴產,擔心下一個不景氣來得太晚。他預估景氣循環可能延續到2028、2029年,但資金限制可能在2029年成為產業進入下降循環的原因。短期內AI資料中心建置需求明確,2027年基本上不會受到資金或政府開發許可政策影響,2028年也不會有太大影響,至於2029年是否還有足夠土地、電力及廠房讓CSP業者維持投資規模,仍有待持續向客戶了解。他認為記憶體毛利率不認為還能持續攀升,價格上漲仍有極限,原廠也會擔心過度漲價壓抑終端需求。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

受惠AI需求推升,記憶體市場供不應求,業者積極擴產。華邦電董事長焦佑鈞2年前曾預估這波景氣上升循環約持續2年,從2025年7月開始計算,預計到2027年6月結束,但現在市場景氣看起來會延續到2028、2029年。

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〔記者林薏茹/雲林報導〕受惠AI需求推升,記憶體市場供不應求,業者也積極擴產,不過,記憶體廠華邦電(2344)董事長焦佑鈞今(7)日坦言,景氣太好太久,業者可能不知道何時該停下擴產腳步,持續蓋廠、增加產能,等到景氣反轉時才發現產能過多,「我們的擔心是下一個不景氣太晚來」。

焦佑鈞說,自己2年前曾預估,這波景氣上升循環約持續2年,從2025年7月開始計算,預計到2027年6月結束,現在市場景氣看起來會延續到2028、2029年。他認為,景氣循環仍有其規律,業者不應因為景氣好就不斷擴產,而忽略下一波循環可能帶來的供需變化。

焦佑鈞指出,過去半年至一年來,便持續將資金來源視為判斷經濟循環的重要指標,因為整體經濟最終仍須回歸資金是否充足,「如果沒有錢的話,所有的投資一定會減緩」。他預期,到了2029年,資金限制可能成為產業景氣進入下一個下降循環的原因。

不過,焦佑鈞也認為,短期內AI資料中心建置需求仍相對明確,2027年資料中心所需的土地開發許可、電力及廠房都已經準備完成,接下來將進入伺服器裝機階段,相關資金也已經提前投入,因此2027年基本上不會受到資金或政府開發許可政策影響,2028年也不會有太大影響,至於2029年是否還有足夠的土地、電力及廠房,讓雲端服務供應商(CSP)業者能維持目前的投資規模,仍有待持續向客戶了解。

談到目前記憶體市場及終端需求,焦佑鈞直言,「現在是百業蕭條,(AI)一枝獨秀」,今年手機銷售量可能比往年少很多,PC及各種電子產品銷售也不如過去,主要是因為產品價格上漲,消費者可能選擇延後換機,AI產業對價格上漲的接受度較高,但一般消費者承受能力有限,「我們不能說做AI的人把所有的飯都吃了,所以其他人都不吃飯,這樣不行」。他認為,從社會責任角度來看,不希望記憶體價格持續上漲,因為漲價對一般消費者已經造成傷害。

對於目前記憶體廠毛利率動輒7成、8成,焦佑鈞表示,不認為毛利率還能持續攀升,價格上漲仍有其極限,原廠也會擔心過度漲價壓抑終端需求。

談及產業景氣暢旺,華邦電未來的營運佈局,焦佑鈞則說,「賠錢很煩,賺錢很累」。他解釋,賠錢時必須設法轉虧為盈,但賺錢時也不能因此鬆懈,因為當大家都在獲利,就會開始向前衝、搶人才、擴充廠房及設備,同時還要持續創造技術,不能因為今年賺錢就覺得可以很舒服,否則過了3年可能就會面臨危機。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 記憶體產業景氣可能在2029年後進入下降循環

    Possible · Within years

  • 2029年CSP業者可能面臨土地、電力及廠房不足,影響投資規模

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • 2029年後CSP業者是否還有足夠土地、電力及廠房維持投資規模?
  • 資金限制具體將如何影響2029年後的產業景氣?
  • 記憶體價格上漲的極限在哪裡?

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