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Back26年纪录终结!美国失去“消除麻疹”地位
26年纪录终结!美国失去“消除麻疹”地位
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德国之声23 minutes agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

26年纪录终结!美国失去“消除麻疹”地位

因麻疹病毒在美国持续传播超过一年,美国结束了自2000年以来保持的消除麻疹纪录。

Quick Look

泛美卫生组织(PAHO)因麻疹病毒在美国持续传播超过12个月,正式撤销美国“消除麻疹”认证。美国疾控中心数据显示,今年已记录超过5000例确诊病例,主要集中在未接种疫苗人群中。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美国自2000年起保持“消除麻疹”认证。该认证要求国家必须彻底阻断病毒传播,且至少连续12个月不再出现疫情。

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(德国之声中文网)《华尔街日报》周五援引知情人士报道称,泛美卫生组织(PAHO)认定美国未能阻止麻疹病毒持续传播超过一年,因此撤销其“消除麻疹”资格,结束了这个自2000年以来长达26年的纪录。

一名了解相关程序的消息人士向美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)透露,向PAHO主任汇报工作的独立专家委员会得出结论:美国已不再符合“麻疹消除”认证的标准。

目前已知哪些情况?

PAHO审查了美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)提供的证据,以确定是否有一种麻疹病毒株连续传播了12个月或更长时间。这是判断病毒是否已在当地持续传播、而非仅由境外输入病例造成疫情的重要依据。

一名了解美国疾控中心调查结果的人士向路透社表示,该机构确认麻疹病毒已连续传播12个月。

美国自2000年以来一直保持“麻疹消除”认证。然而,今年截至周四(11月12日),美国疾控中心已在45个州、纽约市和华盛顿特区记录了5182例确诊病例,是2025年全年2289例的两倍还多。

自2025年以来,美国约有7500人感染麻疹,13人死亡。据CNN援引美国疾控中心数据报道,今年的病例中,几乎所有患者都没有接种疫苗,或疫苗接种情况不明;约九分之一的患者需要住院治疗。

美国卫生部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪(Robert F. Kennedy Jr.)任内的疫苗疑虑有所加剧。多年来,肯尼迪一直对麻疹疫苗的安全性持怀疑态度,但并未提供科学证据支持其观点。

麻疹可以预防吗?

专家指出,麻疹完全可以通过接种疫苗来预防。

“这是一种完全可以预防的疾病。如今出现如此大规模的麻疹疫情,真是令人无法接受。”北卡罗来纳大学公共卫生学教授诺埃尔·布鲁尔(Noel Brewer)表示。据路透社报道,周二,他向泛美卫生组织提交了美国疾控中心的报告。

约翰斯·霍普金斯大学流行病学家威廉·莫斯(William Moss)告诉路透社,美国失去这一认证将损害其作为全球公共卫生领域领导者的声誉,也意味着大规模疫情可能会持续发生。

在认证被取消前,美国疾控中心主任埃丽卡·施瓦茨(Erica Schwartz)曾表示,该机构将继续与各州合作,推动民众接种疫苗。

一个国家若要重新获得“麻疹消”除认证,必须彻底阻断病毒传播,并至少连续12个月不再出现疫情。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美国疾控中心将与各州合作推动疫苗接种以寻求重新认证。

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 美国未来如何制定疫苗接种政策以重新获得认证?
  • 麻疹疫情对美国医疗系统的长期压力如何?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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