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Back美「戰斧」飛彈再升級 雙階段彈頭將量產 專攻地下掩體、堅固目標
美「戰斧」飛彈再升級 雙階段彈頭將量產 專攻地下掩體、堅固目標
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自由时报1 hour agoDefense2 min readChinaView translation

美「戰斧」飛彈再升級 雙階段彈頭將量產 專攻地下掩體、堅固目標

Quick Look

美國海軍計畫授予雷神公司單一來源合約,啟動聯合多重效應彈頭系統(JMEWS)低速初始量產,將此彈頭整合至戰斧Block Vb飛彈,以增強打擊地下掩體、飛彈陣地等堅固目標的能力。合作基於雷神長期為戰斧飛彈唯一供應商的地位,其他廠商仍可於10月22日前提交能力聲明。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國海軍一直在推進戰斧飛彈的現代化計畫,Block V版本已於2021年3月開始服役,而JMEWS彈頭是針對堅固目標設計的新型彈頭。

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圖為金剛級驅逐艦「鳥海號」首度發射戰斧飛彈。(圖取自防衛省)

〔記者吳哲宇/綜合報導〕美國海軍持續強化「戰斧」(Tomahawk)巡弋飛彈的精準打擊能力,根據海軍航空系統司令部(NAVAIR)7日公布的公告,美軍計畫授予雷神公司(Raytheon)一份單一來源合約,啟動「聯合多重效應彈頭系統」(JMEWS)低速初始量產,將這款兼具穿透及爆炸破片殺傷能力的新型彈頭,整合至「戰斧」Block Vb飛彈,強化打擊地下掩體、飛彈陣地及其他堅固目標的能力。

軍聞網站「Defence Blog」報導,美國海軍位於馬里蘭州帕圖森河的「戰斧」飛彈計畫辦公室指出,JMEWS已進入由工程與製造發展階段轉向量產的關鍵時期,計畫直接與RTX集團旗下雷神公司議約。不過,目前尚未公布合約金額、彈頭採購數量及交付時程。

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美海軍說明,雷神自1994年以來就是「戰斧」飛彈唯一的研發、設計及製造商,掌握現有飛彈構型與製造資料,因此是目前唯一已知能在既定時程內完成量產準備,且不必額外重複投入研發成本的廠商。其他企業仍可在10月22日前提交能力聲明,但此次公告並非公開競標。

報導指出,JMEWS最大特色是採用雙階段彈頭設計,結合穿透與爆炸破片殺傷效果,使飛彈不僅能攻擊一般地面設施,也能對地下掩體、強化防禦工事及飛彈陣地造成破壞,並兼顧分散目標的打擊需求。相較之下,既有「戰斧」Block IV主要搭載1000磅級單一式彈頭。

雷神先前已獲得9040萬美元合約,負責JMEWS的工程與製造發展工作,此次新採購計畫則將推動彈頭正式邁向量產。美國海軍先前曾規劃,搭載JMEWS的版本於2027年達成初始作戰能力。

「戰斧」Block V現代化計畫主要透過升級導航、通訊系統及重新認證,延長既有Block IV飛彈服役壽命,美國海軍已於2021年3月接收首枚Block V。後續衍生的兩款構型各有不同任務,其中Block Va「海上打擊戰斧」增設尋標器,可攻擊海上移動艦艇;Block Vb則整合JMEWS彈頭,專注提升對堅固地面目標的打擊效果。

根據美國國防部2023會計年度測試報告,海軍已完成JMEWS部分試驗,原定於2026會計年度第4季,也就是今年9月底前完成實彈測試。不過,美方目前尚未公布最終殺傷效能評估結果,實際量產及服役進度仍有待後續確認。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美國海軍將在2026會計年度第4季完成JMEWS彈頭的實彈測試

    Likely · Within months

  • 搭載JMEWS彈頭的戰斧Block Vb飛彈將在2027年達成初始作戰能力

    Likely · Within years

Open Questions

  • JMEWS合約的具體金額是多少?
  • 將採購多少枚彈頭?
  • 交付時間表何時會被確定?

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