
烏克蘭第3軍團透過代號「韋瓦第」的行動,利用大型無人機將裝載炸藥的無人地面載具(UGV)空投至俄軍控制區後方,深入約19公里,已收復5座村莊與3個聚落,造成約3000名俄軍死亡並奪回125平方公里土地。
AI-generated summary
烏克蘭第3軍團在俄烏衝突中持續探索無人系統的戰術應用,過去已使用無人機進行偵查與精準打擊,此次進一步發展無人機空投地面機器人以深入敵後作戰,減少人員傷亡。
烏克蘭第3軍團人員操作無人地面載具(UGV)。該軍團表示,「韋瓦第」行動已在頓內次克爭議地區收復5座村莊與3個聚落,並運用無人系統深入俄軍後方作戰。(圖取自烏克蘭第三軍團)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕烏克蘭第3軍團宣稱,代號「韋瓦第」(Operation Vivaldi)的秘密攻勢在數月內造成約3000名俄軍死亡,並奪回約125平方公里土地。其中一項特殊戰法,是利用大型無人機吊掛裝滿炸藥的無人地面載具,飛越前線深入俄軍控制區後方,再將地面機器人空投至敵後發動攻擊。
烏克蘭士兵在訓練場測試無人地面載具(UGV)。《電訊報》報導,烏軍第3軍團將UGV投入「韋瓦第」行動,並發展以無人機空投地面機器人的作戰方式。(圖取自烏克蘭國家通訊社Ukrinform)
英國《電訊報》(The Telegraph)26日披露這套作戰方式。報導指出,大型運載無人機本身容易被俄軍發現,因此烏軍必須先以電子戰干擾俄軍偵察無人機,再以無人機與砲兵攻擊俄軍步兵陣地,迫使地面部隊躲入掩體,最後利用夜色掩護完成空投。
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第3軍團第2機械化營指揮官達爾文(Darwin)表示,無人地面載具(UGV)多半用於運送彈藥、食物、電池及後送傷患,但部分車輛也能搭載重機槍或炸藥,直接投入攻擊。此次行動使用的UGV被烏克蘭士兵稱為「獅鷲」(Gryphon),可由操作人員遠端控制。
深入俄軍後方 最遠達約19公里
達爾文指出,俄軍偵察無人機幾乎持續監視前線,單日最多可有約100架飛越其營區,因此電子戰是空投行動的重要一環。烏軍先以電子戰干擾俄軍無人機,使其無法掌握地面活動,再配合砲兵與其他無人機攻擊俄軍陣地,讓大型運載無人機趁夜越過前線。
《電訊報》報導,這些UGV最遠曾深入前線後方約19公里。俄軍甚至一度無法相信烏克蘭地面機器人能從如此遠的距離抵達攻擊位置。烏軍攔截到的俄軍通訊顯示,俄方指揮官一度認為,與其相信遭到烏軍機器人攻擊,還不如相信是俄軍自己人開車前來襲擊。
機器人完成攻擊後,烏軍步兵才向前推進並建立防線,再由砲兵、空中無人機與更多地面機器人持續攻擊下一段陣地。達爾文表示,這種方式可降低士兵直接進入高風險區域的需求,但整套行動仍需要大型運載無人機、熟練操作人員,以及能協調多種武器與無人系統的指揮架構。
烏克蘭第3軍團表示,這套空投UGV的戰法已開始傳授給其他旅級部隊,但要運用這種戰法,需要充足的大型運載無人機、訓練有素的操作人員,以及能協調多種武器與無人系統的指揮架構。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
烏克蘭將繼續將無人機空投UGV戰術傳授給其他旅級部隊,並擴大規模應用於其他前線區域。
Likely · Within months
俄軍將加強對烏克蘭無人機的電子戰干擾與偵測能力,以應對類似空投作戰。
Possible · Within weeks

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