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Back中國消費轉弱高檔飯店下鄉 32萬所廢校變搶手資產
中國消費轉弱高檔飯店下鄉 32萬所廢校變搶手資產
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

中國消費轉弱高檔飯店下鄉 32萬所廢校變搶手資產

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中國消費轉弱,國際與本土飯店集團紛紛下鄉搶進,將近年大量閒置的32.9萬所鄉村小學廢校改造成民宿與度假飯店,但背後仍面臨營運、改造成本與法令遵循等3大門檻。

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Why It Matters

自2001年起因政策調整,中國農村小學與教學點數量大幅減少,留下大量閒置校舍。

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中國消費轉弱、高檔飯店也開始下鄉,近年大量荒廢多時的鄉村小學,突然成為飯店業者眼中的「香餑餑」(受人喜愛的事物)。中媒指出,過去20多年,中國有32.9萬所鄉村小學與教學點停辦,留下大量閒置校舍,包括萬豪、希爾頓、洲際等國際飯店集團也陸續向縣域下沉,全季、亞朵、麗楓等中國本土品牌也同步搶占該市場,部分老校舍也被改造成民宿與度假飯店。

中媒指出,看似租金便宜、改造容易的生意,背後其實藏著營運、改造成本與法令遵循等3道門檻。

數據顯示,中國自2001年起,在「撤點併校」等政策調整下,農村小學與教學地點從49.1萬所減至16.3萬所;光是2020年至2025年間,全國普通小學又減少2.97萬所。學生離開後,校舍卻留在原地,許多建築呈現長期閒置。

如今,這些老校舍受到旅宿業注意,一個重要原因是改造條件相對單純。學校建築格局通常規整,少有難以處理的特殊結構,還自帶操場與大型公共空間,適合親子旅遊、企業團建與短途度假。多數鄉村小學又位於村落或鄉鎮核心位置,相較重新購地興建飯店,利用既有校舍改造,工期與初期投入相對容易控制。

另一個背景,則是傳統飯店市場愈來愈難做。根據《2025年中國飯店投資營運與品牌發展報告》顯示,2024年飯店客房數成長6.94%,擴張速度已放緩;截至2025年上半年,全國飯店RevPAR年減5%,獲利空間進一步承壓。城市熱門商圈競爭激烈,飯店還得面對租金、人力成本及民宿、短租等業態分流。

與此同時,短途「微度假」、親子研學、銀髮康養及企業團建需求增加,原本不適合傳統商務住宿的鄉村校舍,反而具有場景與空間優勢。但老校舍「便宜」,可能也是最大的誤區,背後有3道門檻需克服。

第一道門檻是營運。鄉村飯店不像城市商務飯店,缺乏穩定的工作日商旅客源,收入高度依賴週末、假期、研學與團建,因此更考驗業者自己創造旅遊目的與活動內容的能力。

第二道門檻是改造成本。低租金甚至沒有轉讓費,看起來相當誘人,但真正進場後可能面臨消防重新施作、土地用途調整、房型重構及隔音工程等支出,任何一項都可能大幅拉高預算,原本省下的物業成本,也可能重新投入整改。

第三道、也是最關鍵的門檻則是法令遵循。大量鄉村學校屬於教育劃撥用地,不能直接改為經營性住宿用途,還涉及土地用途調整、產權整理、消防驗收與文旅相關備案。換句話說,這類項目並非只要資金到位就能開業。

因此,從荒廢校舍變成網紅飯店,看似是一場低成本「撿漏」,真正考驗的卻不是誰能用最低價格拿下物業,而是誰能解決客源、改造等問題。

Open Questions

  • 有多少老校舍成功完成土地用途變更與開業?

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