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Back針對宜蘭高鐵延伸案的專業回應:路線規劃與保養廠選址的正當性
針對宜蘭高鐵延伸案的專業回應:路線規劃與保養廠選址的正當性
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自由时报1 hour agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

針對宜蘭高鐵延伸案的專業回應:路線規劃與保養廠選址的正當性

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作者吳國棟針對楊清源先生對宜蘭高鐵延伸案的批評進行反駁,指出其缺乏鐵道工程、地質科學與運務調度的基本常識,並強調宜蘭高鐵路線繞道平溪與貢寮的核心目的為保護翡翠水庫集水區及雙北、基隆與宜蘭百萬人民的飲用水源,同時闡述保養廠選址於宜蘭端的運務必要性與特定區未來發展潛力,認為該建設是東台灣百年大計的戰略引信。

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Why It Matters

作者吳國棟為退休貿易推廣人員,針對楊清源先生在報章投書中對宜蘭高鐵延伸案的質疑進行專業反駁,內容涉及鐵道工程、地質科學與運務調度等專業領域。

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◎ 吳國棟

日前楊清源先生投書《高鐵延伸宜蘭案不是該不該建,而是如何建》批評宜蘭高鐵建設,質疑路線繞道、工期過長、保養廠選址不當,更直指特定區規劃是「金權政治與土地炒作的工具」。然而該文不僅嚴重缺乏現代鐵道工程、地質科學與運務調度的基本常識,更以外地人身分抹煞了東台灣百年大計的發展權益。重大交通建設需要的是跨越半世紀的遠見,而非見樹不見林的偏見。筆者認為有必要以台灣高鐵西線的發展與成功歷史,對該文的錯誤論述予以釐清。

宜蘭高鐵工程計劃,有人質疑路線繞道、工期過長。(資料照,交通部提供)首先,該文指責宜蘭高鐵路線未「拉直」,並抱怨11年工期過長,完全暴露出楊清源先生對工程地質科學的極度無知。高鐵現行路線之所以捨棄直線、選擇繞道平溪與貢寮,核心宗旨就是為了徹底避開翡翠水庫集水區,保護雙北、基隆與宜蘭百萬人民的飲用水源。回顧當年國道五號雪山隧道開挖工程歷經15年(1991-2006年),不幸挖斷雪山山脈內部積蓄千萬年的地下水脈,造成「大青背斷層」狂湧地下水,導致蘭陽溪水系受創、地下水位暴跌。楊清源先生自述「老家在宜蘭市」,應該記得這段血淚歷史吧?

時速高達300公里的高鐵,對軌道地盤沉陷絕對是「零」容忍度。政府尊重工程專家與地質學家的專業評估,定下11年的長工期,正是為了進行極其精細的前置地質鑽探,並解決在「維持既有台鐵正常營運」下、進行高難度「四鐵共構」高架化施工的技術挑戰。盲目追求「拉直」而硬闖水源與地質敏感區,是對環境與公共安全最大的不負責任。

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高鐵捨棄直線、選擇繞道平溪與貢寮,核心宗旨就是為了徹底避開翡翠水庫集水區,保護雙北、基隆與宜蘭百萬人民的飲用水源。(資料照,翡管局提供)其次,該文強烈質疑宜蘭高鐵保養廠的選址,並建議「應該改設在西部或汐止」,更直接暴露出對北台灣高鐵建設歷史與鐵道運務的雙重無知。早期國民黨政府規劃在汐止橫科的64公頃「高鐵保養廠預定地」,屬於山坡地保育區,地形破碎且高低落差極大。在嚴格的環評與水保細部設計後,證實要削山整地塞進高鐵巨型廠房的工程風險過高,台灣高鐵公司進場評估後被迫放棄開發,這才導致西部高鐵最終必須將保養廠設在新竹六家。

更致命的硬傷在於運務調度邏輯。列車在深夜收班後的「日檢與月檢」是維持行車安全的絕對死線。如果依照楊清源先生的「外行幻想」將保養廠改設在汐止或西部,當未來高鐵延伸至宜蘭後,每晚營運結束,高鐵列車必須大費周章地「空車」折返汐止甚至新竹保養;隔天清晨又得再空車折返開回宜蘭發首班車。這不僅是極其弱智的能源與時間浪費,更會嚴重剝奪深夜凌晨零點至五點極其珍貴的「軌道線路安全養護時間」。

甚至,因為列車必須提早開回保養,將迫使宜蘭發往台北的「末班車時間被迫提早」,隔天「首班車時間被迫延後」,嚴重剝奪了宜蘭鄉親融入大台北半小時科技生活圈的通勤權益!故宜蘭端規劃「現地保養」,正是修正當年國民黨政策錯誤、拒絕無效耗損的最優解。

而針對高鐵特定區被貼上「養蚊子、土地炒作、破壞優良農地」的標籤,這更是舊調重彈的短視。回顧台灣西部高鐵在2007年通車初期,桃園青埔、新竹六家、台中烏日到台南沙崙等特定區,同樣遭遇過社會輿論「荒涼、野狗比人多、高空置率、養蚊子」的嚴厲嘲諷。但20年後的時間證明了一切。如今的桃園青埔翻身為國際商務城;新竹六家變身為供不應求的竹科新貴聚落;台南沙崙更是國家級綠能與醫療科學城。

高鐵延伸宜蘭案的宜蘭端站址訂於縣政中心以南350公尺處,並規劃宜蘭高鐵特定區形成新市鎮。(資料照)西部幹線的成功經驗明確驗證了一項真理:重大軌道建設的場站選址,必須著眼於未來20年、50年的都市發展腹地!如果當年為了盲目追求「通車初期的便利」,硬將車站塞入早已飽和、道路狹窄、徵收困難的舊市區,不僅會導致地方交通全面癱瘓,更無法引入現代化的產業聚落,最終只會扼殺地方轉型與升級的契機。

任何新興特定區在開發初期,必然會經歷公共設施與生活機能移入的「陣痛期」,但這絕非反對建設、抹煞東台灣未來的理由。宜蘭高鐵是打通台灣東部產業動脈、將宜蘭科學園區實質納入大台北一小時科技生活圈的戰略引信。在全球地緣政治與AI晶片全面爆發的浪潮下,分散半導體過度集中西部的風險已是國家關鍵考量。宜蘭擁有大雪山山脈千萬年累積、蓄水量驚人的地底砂礫蓄水層,配合蘭陽平原深層地熱的鑽探,未來更具備提供全天候無碳基載綠電的潛力。有了高鐵,宜蘭就能在低污染、高產值的都計規劃下,轉型為現代化的「科技特區」,這才是真正兼顧地方生計與國土安全的長遠作法。

蘭陽平原深層地熱的鑽探,未來更具備提供全天候無碳基載綠電的潛力。圖為中研院與中油於宜蘭員山開鑽「深層地熱探測井」,首度深鑽至地下近4000公尺,井底實測溫度近攝氏150度。(資料照,中研院提供)一項重大交通建設從規劃到落成,往往要經歷數十年的等待。真正愛護地方的公民,應該做的是監督政府如何「好好建設、落實三鐵共構與接駁網絡」,而不是像楊清源先生一樣,因為害怕初期開發的震盪,就乾脆全盤否定建設。筆者在此拋磚引玉,期待交通軌道專家、都市計畫學者以及真正的宜蘭在地鄉親能挺身而出,為這項攸關台灣東部百年發展的重大建設,注入更多理性且專業的討論,別讓外行的偏見窒礙了台灣前瞻的步伐。

(作者為退休貿易推廣人員)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 宜蘭高鐵將促進宜蘭科學園區融入大台北一小時科技生活圈

    Likely · Within years

  • 宜蘭特定區將經歷開發初期的陣痛期後轉型為現代化科技特區

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • 宜蘭高鐵具體何時可完工通車?
  • 特定區開發將帶來多少新興產業與就業機會?
  • 深層地熱能源開發的具體時間表與投資規模是多少?

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