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Back為人類理解生命起源跨一大步 日法學者共獲諾貝爾化學獎!
為人類理解生命起源跨一大步 日法學者共獲諾貝爾化學獎!
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自由时报1 hour agoScience2 min readChinaView translation

為人類理解生命起源跨一大步 日法學者共獲諾貝爾化學獎!

表彰兩人對不對稱有機合成中「非線性效應」與「自催化現象」的發現,獎金為1200萬瑞典克朗。

Quick Look

2026年諾貝爾化學獎由法國化學家卡甘與日本化學家硤合憲三共同獲得,表彰其在不對稱有機合成中發現非線性效應與自催化現象。兩位得獎者將平分1200萬瑞典克朗獎金,頒獎典禮預定於12月10日舉行。

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Why It Matters

諾貝爾獎創設125週年,今年各獎項特別調高獎金至1200萬瑞典克朗。頒獎典禮預定於12月10日舉行。

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繼昨日(6日)物理學獎得主出爐後,2026年諾貝爾化學獎今(6日)揭曉,由法國化學家卡甘(Henri Kagan)和日本化學家硤合憲三(Kenso Soai)共獲殊榮。

今年適逢諾貝爾獎創設125週年,各獎項特別調高獎金,2位獲獎者將平分1200萬瑞典克朗(約新台幣3778萬)。頒獎典禮預定在今年12月10日(諾貝爾逝世紀念日)隆重登場,由現任瑞典國王卡爾十六世(King Carl XVI Gustaf)親自頒獎。

已高齡95歲的卡甘,目前是法國巴黎南大學(Université Paris-Sud)的榮譽教授,他被廣泛認為是不對稱催化領域的先驅,對製藥業產生深遠影響。而現年76歲的硤合憲三,是東京理科大學應用化學系的大學講師,最著名的學術貢獻是發現不對稱自催化反應,被化學界稱為「硤合反應」(Soai reaction)。

瑞典皇家科學院指出,今年化學獎頒予卡甘和硤合憲三,是為表彰他們在不對稱有機合成中發現「非線性效應」(Non-linear effects)及「自催化現象」(Autocatalysis),這項發現對理解生命起源與「手性傳遞」(Chirality Transfer)有極大幫助。不對稱合成被認為是解開生命起源核心謎團——生物同手性(Biological Homochirality)的關鍵科學鑰匙。

諾貝爾化學獎去年由日本化學家北川進、英國化學家羅布森(Richard Robson)和美國化學家亞基(Omar M. Yaghi)3人共同獲獎。3人創造出具有巨大內部空間的分子架構,讓氣體與其他化學物質能夠穿流其中。這些結構被稱為「金屬有機框架」,可應用於從沙漠空氣中提取水分、捕捉二氧化碳、儲存有毒氣體,或催化化學反應。

諾貝爾獎是根據瑞典化學家阿佛烈.諾貝爾(Alfred Nobel)的遺囑,利用其大部分遺產設立基金、以利息作為獎金,於1901年開始每年頒發的國際大獎。一開始只有物理學、化學、生理學或醫學、文學、和平共5個獎項,經濟學獎是瑞典中央銀行於1968年增設,並於1969年首次頒發。

據官方公告,在生醫獎、物理學獎、化學獎之後,文學獎將於台灣時間8日晚間7點公布得主,和平獎9日下午5點,經濟學獎壓軸登場,預計於12日下午5點45分出爐。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 文學獎將於台灣時間8日晚間7點公布得主。

    Very likely · Within days

  • 和平獎將於9日下午5點公布得主。

    Very likely · Within days

  • 經濟學獎將於12日下午5點45分公布得主。

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 後續其他諾貝爾獎項得主將於何時公布?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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