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Back預防肌少症不能只靠散步 醫揭4關鍵
預防肌少症不能只靠散步 醫揭4關鍵
Health
自由时报15 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

預防肌少症不能只靠散步 醫揭4關鍵

骨科醫師張耀元指出,光靠散步可能不足以預防肌少症,需搭配阻力訓練、充足蛋白質及正確營養攝取。

Quick Look

新竹東元綜合醫院骨科醫師張耀元表示,長輩僅靠每日散步無法有效預防肌少症。預防肌少症應從加入阻力訓練、每餐補充蛋白質、確保熱量與營養充足,以及切勿自行亂補高劑量維生素D等4個面向著手。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

隨著年齡增長肌肉逐漸流失,肌少症不僅是外表變瘦,更伴隨肌力下降與身體功能變差。

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預防肌少症不能只靠散步,也要依自身能力加入坐站、深蹲、彈力帶等阻力運動;圖為情境照。

很多長輩認為每天走路就能預防肌少症。新竹東元綜合醫院骨科醫師張耀元指出,光靠散步可能還不夠,預防肌少症要從4件事著手,包括加入阻力訓練、每餐補充蛋白質、確保吃得夠,以及不要自行亂補高劑量維生素D;若發現站起來需要扶東西、提物越來越吃力或走路變慢,也要留意肌力是否下降。

張耀元於臉書發文分享,長輩認為自己每天走路,應該不會肌少症。事實上,肌少症不只是「看起來變瘦、肌肉變少」,更重要的是肌力下降與身體功能變差。像是以前可以輕鬆從椅子站起來,現在卻需要扶著桌子;提東西越來越吃力,走路速度變慢,甚至開始容易跌倒,都可能是需要留意的訊號。現行肌少症共識也將「肌力下降」視為相當重要的判斷指標。

張耀元說明,隨著年齡增加,肌肉確實會逐漸流失,但老化不代表只能接受肌力一路下降,運動、營養與日常活動習慣,都是我們能提早介入的地方。他建議,長者不妨從以下4件事守住肌肉:

第1件事:別只散步,也要練肌力。

散步很好,如果想維持肌肉,只靠走路可能不夠。長者可依身體能力加入坐站訓練、深蹲、彈力帶或適度負重等阻力運動,刺激肌肉維持力量。

近年的研究與指引仍將漸進式阻力訓練,視為改善肌少症最重要的方式之一。

第2件事:每餐都要記得有蛋白質。

年紀大了胃口變小,很容易一餐只吃飯、麵和青菜,結果熱量吃到了,蛋白質卻不一定足夠。魚、蛋、奶、肉類都是蛋白質來源,偏植物性飲食,像是豆腐、豆干、毛豆、豆漿等黃豆製品也都可以好好利用。

重點不是一定要吃哪一種食物,而是整天下來攝取量要充足,並盡量分散在不同餐次。

第3件事:吃得「夠」和吃得「對」一樣重要。

有些長輩知道要補充營養卻吃不下,可能因為牙口不好、吞嚥困難、慢性疾病、情緒或藥物,都會造成食量越來越少。

長者可以嘗試少量多餐、調整食物質地,或把豆腐、蛋、乳製品等營養密度較高又容易入口的食材放進餐點。若體重持續下降或明顯食慾不佳,也建議進一步接受營養評估。

第4件事:維生素D不要自己亂補

維生素D與骨骼、肌肉功能有關,但並不是每位長輩只要擔心肌少症,就一定需要額外吃高劑量維生素D。

目前證據對「單靠補充維生素D改善肌少症」仍不完全一致,如果長者本身有缺乏、骨質疏鬆或其他相關風險,可經醫師評估後決定是否補充。

Open Questions

  • 高劑量維生素D在何種情況下才需額外補充?
  • 長者如何安全在家進行漸進式阻力訓練?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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