
戦後間もなく設立された日本学術会議は、軍事研究を否定する声明を繰り返し発出してきた。2017年に出した3度目の声明で防衛省の資金提供制度を批判し、政府と対立。学術会議の特殊法人への移行と独立性確保が焦点となっている。
AI-generated summary
日本学術会議は戦後間もなく『国の特別の機関』として設立され、科学者が戦争に協力した過去の反省を踏まえ、軍事研究を否定する声明を繰り返し発出してきた。
戦後間もなく、『国の特別の機関』として設立された日本学術会議は、科学者が戦争に協力した過去の反省を踏まえ、軍事研究を否定する声明を繰り返し発出してきた。2017年に出した3度目となる声明では、防衛省による資金提供制度を批判。問題ないとする政府と見解が対立する事態にもなった。
学術会議、特殊法人に移行 独立性確保が焦点―菅首相任命拒否が契機
防衛省が15年、自らテーマを決めて装備品開発のための資金を提供する『安全保障技術研究推進制度』を創設すると、応募する大学や研究機関が相次いだ。背景には、国立大の経営を支える運営費交付金の減額傾向が続くなど、研究者を取り巻く環境の厳しさもあったとみられているが、学者からは懸念の声も上がった。
こうした状況を受け、学術会議は検討委員会を設け、議論を重ねた。17年3月の声明では、1950年と67年に出した軍事研究を行わないとする声明を『継承する』と明記。その上で、同制度について『政府による介入が著しく、問題が多い』と批判した。
これに対し、菅義偉官房長官(当時)は『研究参加はあくまで自由意思だ』などと述べ、問題ないとの認識を示していた。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
日本学術会議の特殊法人への移行が正式に決定される
Possible · Within months

On September 30th, the American magazine Time announced the ``100 Next Generation People'' who will lead the future in various fields, and selected Shoko Kawada (36), the mayor of Yawata City, Kyoto Prefecture, in the leadership category. She was credited with ``setting a precedent'' for taking maternity leave, which is believed to be the first time for a current female chief executive. Ms. Kawada will become the nation's youngest female mayor in 2023 at the age of 33. She began maternity leave in July of this year and gave birth to a baby girl in September. In Japan, elected mayors are not eligible for the maternity leave system and have been criticized, but they were praised for their efforts to lower school lunch fees and expand the provision of postpartum care.

Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has drafted a speech to express his views at the extraordinary Diet session to be convened on October 5th, emphasizing an economic growth strategy aimed at creating a society in which workers, child-rearing families, and the elderly can have hope, setting out the aspiration of ``Keisei-min''. The government will formulate the Japan Growth Strategy Implementation Plan by the end of the year, and while seeking understanding for the consumption tax reduction bill, it did not offer any concrete measures regarding financial resources, but instead announced its support for the International Criminal Court, which the United States is calling for its withdrawal from, a firm stance against North Korea's nuclear and missile development, the promotion of the relocation of Henoko in Okinawa Prefecture, the establishment of the Disaster Prevention Agency, and the passage of a referendum law to revise the constitution.

In South Korea, the public prosecutor's office was abolished on the 2nd and divided into the Public Prosecution Service, which is responsible for indictments and trials, and the Serious Crimes Investigation Agency, which is responsible for investigating political corruption and economic crimes. A major reform of the criminal justice system that will see the disappearance of the public prosecutor's office that has existed since 1948. Although the reform forces led by the ruling party have achieved their long-cherished desire, there are concerns about the quality of the investigation and its delays.

The Immigration Services Agency has revised its guidelines for permanent residence permits for foreigners, adding new requirements such as consistently exceeding the average annual income of Japanese people and a certain level of Japanese language proficiency. Annual income requirements will be applied from April of this year onwards, and other requirements will come into effect in April of next year. The independent living requirement takes into consideration future pension benefits, while the national interest requirement requires active and specific benefits to Japan.

On the 1st, the Science Council of Japan transitioned from a ``special national institution'' to a special corporation. The system for appointing members by the government has been abolished and replaced by a selection committee. New evaluation committees and auditors have been established to ensure the transparency of activities, but independence and financial stability will be issues going forward.

Former Liberal Democratic Party Foreign Minister Takeshi Iwaya, who visited China as head of a Japan-China friendship organization, met with Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng and Foreign Minister Wang Yi. While the Japanese government views this as a sign of improving relations, it plans to carefully assess China's intentions. We will seek to realize dialogue at the APEC summit meeting in November.