
大型醫學研究發現,快速動眼期睡眠時間較長者,與失智症、帕金森氏症及心臟衰竭等83種疾病風險較低存在顯著關聯。
一項涵蓋9萬餘人的大型醫學研究顯示,快速動眼期睡眠較長者,與失智症、帕金森氏症及心臟衰竭等83種疾病風險較低相關。專家指出此為觀察性研究,睡眠異常亦可能是疾病早期警訊。
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一項9月17日發表於《PLOS Medicine》的研究分析英國生物樣本庫數據,探討睡眠階段與健康結果的關聯。
睡眠品質不只看時間長短,快速動眼期也可能與失智症及帕金森氏症等疾病風險有關;情境照(圖取自 Freepik)
〔編譯陳成良/綜合報導〕睡眠不僅關乎時間長短,睡眠時經歷的結構階段,更可能深刻影響長期健康。一項涵蓋9萬5559名成年人的大型醫學研究發現,快速動眼期(REM)睡眠時間較長者,與失智症、帕金森氏症及心臟衰竭等83種疾病風險較低存在顯著關聯。不過研究團隊強調,這項成果屬於觀察性研究,並未證明延長快速動眼期睡眠就能直接預防疾病。
據福斯新聞數位網(Fox News Digital)報導,這項研究9月17日發表於醫學期刊《PLOS Medicine》。研究團隊分析英國生物樣本庫(UK Biobank)參與者數據,受試者連續7天配戴腕式加速度計,研究人員利用深度學習演算法分析睡眠階段與規律性,並追蹤健康紀錄中位數達8.9年,評估睡眠指標與1049種健康結果的關聯性。
研究結果顯示,每晚快速動眼期睡眠較長者,在追蹤期間與帕金森氏症風險估計值低約80%、失智症低46%及心臟衰竭低26%相關。深層睡眠較長則與第2型糖尿病、重度憂鬱症等7種疾病風險較低有關。不過研究指出,兩種睡眠階段對應的健康效益範圍不同,無法直接認定快速動眼期比深層睡眠更為重要。
每晚6至8小時罹病機率最低
在睡眠總時數方面,研究發現每晚睡6至8小時者,與69種疾病呈現最低風險關聯;相對地,每晚睡眠少於5小時,則與37種疾病風險增加相關。此外,睡眠規律性較差、入睡後頻繁醒來,也與部分精神及焦慮風險上升有關。
未參與研究的外部醫學專家提醒,神經退化性疾病或心臟衰竭在臨床確診前數年,大腦病理變化就可能已開始干擾睡眠機制,因此睡眠異常不見得是致病原因,更可能是疾病早期的隱性警訊,兩者之間恐存在雙向交互影響。
研究團隊補充,腕式裝置判讀睡眠階段的精確度仍不及臨床多項睡眠生理檢查,且受試者多來自英國單一資料庫,結論未必能直接套用至所有族群。研究主要提供預防醫學參考,若民眾長期面臨嚴重睡眠障礙或日間持續嗜睡,仍應尋求專業醫療團隊進行臨床評估。

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